應用感性工學與形態分析之造形設計

The Application of Kansei Engineering and Morphological Analysis in Product Form Design

洪煜清(Hung, Yu-Ching) ； 林宜賢(Lin, Yi-Hsien) ； 林純純(Lin, Chun-Chun) ； 劉季宗(Liu, Chi-Tzong)

《International Journal of Systematic Innovation》 3卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 34-44

https://doi.org/10.6977/IJoSI.201406_3(1).0004

摘要

現今的消費形態，隨社會生活品質的提昇，對產品的要求逐漸由「廠商提供」為基的形式演變為「消費者主動選擇」。基於消費者的需求偏向多樣化，廠商為能掌握市場，又要面對產品生命週期迅速縮短的競爭趨勢，須強化新產品設計與開發及改善生產策略，以滿足消費者的需求。不過設計師或廠商對於產品外形是否符合消費者的需求，仍難以用客觀的方法來掌握，因而建立以消費者需求為導向的系統化設計，成為產品開發中重要的一環。基於此，本研究擬建立一個產品造形最適化設計模式，以便透過收集消費者對產品的需求資訊，轉換對應於產品造形感覺意象語彙，再將所收集之產品造形與意象語彙的對應資料予以數量化，以找尋最適的產品造形。本研究並選定「吹風機」為目標產品，以探討消費者對吹風機的需求與外在形態間之關係，其發展過程，先藉由集群分析所挑選的吹風機樣本進行形態分析。接著透過3D電腦輔助設計的繪圖，將所得資料分別繪製成造形樣本，再經由受測者實驗後，分析出各形容詞語彙與形態間的權重比值，且經由消費者之需求轉化為形容詞語彙，進一步探討語彙與形態間的相關性，從而找出最適化樣本形態的組合。換言之，運用消費者與設計師之間的相互合作，探尋出消費者較滿意的產品造形。本研究將可提供設計師在設計產品時，瞭解消費者之需求所對應出的最佳化形態項目，其結果有助於設計師更瞭解消費者對產品的外形需求，使產品設計更能符合消費者所需。

關鍵字

形態分析 ； 產品造形 ； 集群分析 ； 感性工學

並列摘要

Currently, due to the improvement of living quality, the style of product marketing has been changed from manufacturer consideration to consumer. In general, customers' requirements on products become more. The manufacturers need to enhance the capability of product design and development. As a result, they can maintain market share in rapidly short product life cycle of competitive trends. However, it is not easy for designers or manufacturers to use objective approaches to evaluate if the product form meets customer requirements. A consumer-oriented product design is then considered as important strategy for product design. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to establish a suitable model and procedure for the design of product forms. This paper used Kansei Engineering approach to the identification of the most suitable combination of product component forms. A hand-held dryer is chosen as a design case to help explain the procedure of the proposed approach. During the development process, experimental questionnaires using imagery vocabularies to represent product component form are taken to respond customers' requirements. The concept of cluster analysis is also used to group appropriate imagery vocabularies and product component forms. Finally, a set of important design variables are identified for building the optimum product forms. The results showed how the suitable combination about design variables can be identified. It is expected that the results can assist designers to realize customers' preferences for product forms and the relationships between customers' requirements and product forms.

並列關鍵字

Product Form ； Kansei Engineering ； Cluster Analysis ； Morphological Analysis