南宋明州砂岸买扑制与沿海社会秩序的重构

The Shaan Maipu(砂岸买扑)System in Mingzhou(明州)and the Reconstruction of Coastal Social Order in Southern Song Dynasty

张宏利(ZHANG Hong-li)

《史学集刊》 202期 (2022/09) Pp. 60-70

摘要

砂岸买扑制是南宋中后期明州地方政府为应对财政困境，将买扑制度引入海物采捕场域的一种新机制。地方权势之家以买扑的方式取得明州砂岸承租之权，随即以垄断之势向使用砂岸的民众征收赋税，并随意扩大征税范围，进而任意干涉地方事务，破坏了明州沿海的社会秩序。为此，宋廷、明州地方政府皆有罢砂岸买扑制之举，并据此重构沿海社会秩序，但均遭到赖砂岸租维持日常用度诸司的阻扰，以及私占、承佃砂岸的既得利益集团的抗争。由砂岸买扑制引起的沿海社会秩序破坏活动，终南宋一代未能得到消除。

關鍵字

南宋 ； 明州 ； 砂岸买扑制 ； 沿海社会秩序

並列摘要

In order to deal with the financial difficulties, the local government of Mingzhou(明州)in the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty introduced a new mechanism, namely the Shaan Maipu(砂岸买扑) system into the fishing places. Some families of power and influence acquired and monopolized the right to rent the sand bank of Mingzhou by Maipu, and then imposed taxes on the people who used the sand bank. They expanded the scope of taxation at will, thus arbitrarily interfered in local affairs and destroyed the social order of the coastal areas of Mingzhou. For this reason, both the central and the local governments of Mingzhou wanted to abolish the Shaan Maipu system, and to reconstruct the coastal social order. However, the efforts had been resisted by the officials who relied on the sand bank to maintain the daily expenses, as well as some related vested interests. As a result, the Southern Song Dynasty failed to eliminate the destruction of social order in coastal areas caused by the Shaan Maipu system.

並列關鍵字

Southern Song Dynasty ； Mingzhou(明州) ； the Shaan Maipu(砂岸买扑)system ； coastal social order