五一广场简谢豫言考实雷旦诉书佐张董索贿案假期书补论──兼论“爰书”

A Supplementary Discussion of the Document Recording Xieyu's(谢豫) Request for an Extension of the Investigation into the Case that Lei Dan(雷旦) Suing the County Jail Clerical Assistant Zhang Dong(张董)for His Demanding Bribes in the Bamboo Slips of the Eastern Han Dynasty Unearthed at May 1 Square in Changsha: With a Study of "Yuanshu"(爰书)

杨振红(YANG Zhen-hong)

《史学集刊》 205期 (2023/03) Pp. 33-44

摘要

在五一广场东汉简中，有十余枚简内容涉及临湘县右仓曹史谢豫上言县廷请求延长雷旦诉张董案侦查期限的文书。女子雷旦控告县狱书佐张董在其丈夫前亭长雷良入狱期间索贿，县廷接到告发后，向当值右仓曹史谢豫下“廷书”，命其进行立案前调查取证工作。因张董拒不承认索贿，无法定案，而县廷规定的侦查期限已近，谢豫于是上书请求延长侦查期限，追加证人。该文书虽有缺简，但构件基本完整，很好地呈现了东汉时期县基层行政文书的基本格式和立案司法程序。文书中的“即讯”指到原告家中讯问诉词。“少”为一种雇佣身份，可能是东汉时长沙地区对“仆”的称谓。“债”通“赁”，“债（赁）某为少”反映的是民间雇佣之事。“效亭长”为“效功亭长”的省称，“效功”是让职务过失者将功补过、以观后效之义。“主人”指出租民房的房主。“爰书”在本文书中指经原告确认的具有法律效力的正式诉词，推而言之，汉代的“爰书”指具有法律效力的正式的诉讼法律文书。

關鍵字

五一广场简 ； 假期 ； 即讯 ； 效功亭长 ； 爰书

並列摘要

In the bamboo slips of the Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed at May 1 Square in Changsha, there is a document written by Xieyu(谢豫), who was the clerk of right Cangcao Shi(右仓曹史) of Linxiang(临湘)county, to the county government requesting for an extension of the investigation period of a case concerning a woman named Leidan(雷旦)suing the county jail clerical assistant Zhangdong(张董)for his demanding bribes. The county government issued a document to Xieyu ordering him to investigate the case. Xieyu immediately carried out the investigation and evidence collection work after he received the instruction. As Zhangdong refused to admit to soliciting a bribe, the case could not be concluded, and the investigation period set by the county government was approaching, Xieyu then petitioned for an extension of the investigation period and additional witnesses. Although some of the bamboo slips are missing, the components of this document are basically complete, which well presents the basic format of the grass - root administrative documents and judicial procedures for filing cases at the county level in the Eastern Han period. The term "Jixun"(即讯)in the document refers to the hearing of the lawsuit at the plaintiff􀆳s home. The word "Shao"(少)refers to an official status, which may be the name for "servant" in Changsha area during the Eastern Han Dynasty. The word "Zhai" (债) should be interpreted as "Lin" (赁), and the phrase "Lin Mou Wei Shao"(赁某为少)reflects the matter of civilian employment. The term "Xiaoting Zhang"(效亭长)in the bamboo text is the brief appellation for "Xiaogong Ting Zhang"(效功亭长). "Xiaogong" means those who have committed crimes or faults to make up for them and to see how one behaves in the future. "Zhuren"(主人)means the homeowners who rent out their private homes. The term "Yuanshu"(爰书) refers to a formal statement of claim with legal force confirmed by the private prosecutor. By extension, the term "Yuanshu" in the Han Dynasty should refer to a formal litigation document with legal effect.

並列關鍵字

bamboo slips of the Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed at May 1 Square in Changsha ； request for extension of time ； "Jixun"(即讯) ； "Xiaogong Ting Zhang"(效功亭长) ； Yuanshu(爰书, court verdict)