There is a very close relationship between industrial structure and energy consumption structure. From the perspective of the relationship between China's energy consumption structure and industrial structure, there is a problem of weak interaction between them. China's energy consumption mainly relies on coal resources, and the industrial structure model dominated by the secondary industry has the particularity of high energy consumption and low efficiency. How to enhance the coordination between industrial structure and energy consumption structure has gradually become a crucial research topic. Therefore, this paper starts from the research point of industrial structure and energy consumption structure and deeply analyzes the evolution process of industrial structure adjustment and energy consumption structure. Using the panel data as an important reference, we further analyze the current and period effects of the relationship between industrial structure and energy consumption structure, find problems, and draw conclusions. Meanwhile, we try to find effective strategies from different levels that can help ease the tension between the industrial structure and energy consumption structure, so as to continuously improve the coordination between China's industrial structure and energy consumption structure.