Digital financial finance uses digital technology to greatly increase the inclusion and accessibility of financial finance. Based on the data of CHFS and DFIIC, the effect and mechanism of mathematical inclusive finance on the relative vulnerability of peasant household poverty were explored. The results show that digital inclusive finance can effectively reduce the relative poverty vulnerability of rural residents, and its primary indicators and secondary indicators all have a significant mitigation effect, among which the scope of coverage and digitalization are the most obvious utility. The digital availability of farmers can enhance the role of digital inclusive finance in alleviating the relative poverty vulnerability of farmers. Digital inclusive finance effectively reduces the relative poverty vulnerability of farmers by improving the financial literacy of farmers. Therefore, vigorously developing rural digital inclusive finance and improving rural digital infrastructure and relevant legal systems are of great significance to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and boost common prosperity.