- 期刊
哺乳期荷蘭仔牛補充水分效益之評估
Evaluation on the Efficiency of Ad Libitum Water Intake for Holstein Calves
摘要
本試驗的目的為探討荷蘭仔牛在哺乳期是否需提供飲水，並比較給水與否對仔牛生長的影響。在涼熱兩季將26頭仔公牛逢機各分為二組（給水組與不給水組），試驗仔牛以個別欄飼養，精料與乾草任食，8週齡斷乳後皆供應飲水至12週齡結束。試驗結果顯示，在熱季，哺乳期4至8週齡提供飲水可顯著改善仔牛生長（P＜0.05）與增加精料攝食量的趨勢（P=0.06）；給水組與不給水組的日增重分別為0.99與0.78kg／日，精料攝食量則分別為1.06與0.83kg／日。涼季同一哺乳期間提供給水，有提高日增重的趨勢（P=0.07）；給水組與不給水組的日增重分別為1.00與0.87kg／日。此外，仔牛下痢的發生不受給水與否的影響，但涼季的發生率明顯較多。在兩組中，斷乳後8至12週齡的仔牛日增重及精料攝食量相近，其平均值在熱季分別為1.35kg／日及3.03kg／日；在涼季則分別為1.29kg／日及2.89 kg／日。由此顯示提供給水後之代償性效果並不明顯，因此本文建議哺乳期的仔牛應儘量提供給水以得到較好的生長性能。
並列摘要
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ad libitum water intake and no water intake on the performance of Holstein calves in hot and cool seasons during the preweaning period. Twenty-six male Holstein calves were divided into two treatments, namely, ad libitum water supply and no water supply in hot season and cool season. Calves were confined in individual calf pens. Concentrate and hay were supplied ad libitum. Milk replacer feeding was discontinued at the age of 8 weeks. And then, water was supplied ad libitum in both groups, the whole experimental period was 12 week. Results showed that the preweaned calves treated by water ad libitum resulted in more intake of concentrate (P = 0.06) and more weight gain (P＜0.05) than those of calves in other treatments in hot season. Average daily weight gain and concentrate intake in two treatments were 0.99, 0.78 kg/d and 1.06, 0.83 kg/d, respectively. In the same period, the average daily weight gains in two treatments were 1.00, 0.87 kg/d (P = 0.07) in cool season. No causative effect of water intake on scouring was found, but calves suffered from scour much more in cool season. For calves at age 8 to 12 weeks, average daily gain and concentrate intake were similar in two treatments with the averages 1.35 kg/d and 3.05 kg/d in hot season and 1.29 kg/d and 2.89 kg/d in cool season. From these results, we concluded that during the preweaning period, farmers should provide water ad libitum for the calves to increase the concentrate intake and weight gain.
延伸閱讀
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