褐色菜鴨青殼蛋品系選育I. 族群建立

本文旨在探討利用色差儀測得之鴨蛋殼a值作為選拔參數對於青殼蛋比率與產蛋性狀之影響。基礎族群（G0）為宜蘭分所選育之褐色菜鴨L105品系第八代，每世代由約500隻母鴨與約700隻公鴨中選留蛋殼a值最小之母鴨75隻，其全同胞姊妹鴨平均a值最小之公鴨20～25隻作為種鴨繁殖後代。檢定性狀包括：每世代母鴨之青殼蛋比率、33週齡蛋殼a值、初產日齡、至40週齡產蛋數及蛋殼強度與52週齡產蛋數等性狀。結果顯示：G0之蛋殼a值為-8.9、G1為-10.1，而G2為-10.6；G1之青殼蛋比率為94.3％，G2之青殼蛋比率增加為96.2％，皆較G0之85.2％為高，亦有隨代數增加而增加之趨勢，惟差異不顯著（P＞0.05），顯見以a值作為選留指標，確能增加青殼蛋之比率。以SAS的VARCOMP分析中之REML進行變方分析發現，a值以母方成份估算之遺傳變異率為0.2663，父方則為0.1474，顯示a值受顯性遺傳或母方效應影響。比較三代的資料顯示，以a值作為青殼蛋選拔之指標，對後裔鴨隻之產蛋性能並無負向影響。

關鍵字

褐色菜鴨；青殼蛋； a值

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of using the ＂a＂ value of eggshell detected by colorimeter as selection parameter on blue shell egg ratio and egg laying performance traits. Foundation population (G0) was established from generation 8 of Brown Tsaiya L105 of I-Lan Branch Station. Each generation, 75 dams with minimum the eggshell ＂a＂ value from about 500 female ducks and 20~25 sires from about 700 male ducks were selected for producing offspring. Egg laying performance, the ＂a＂ value reading of 33 wks old and ratio between blue and white eggshell were recorded for every generation. These results indicated the ＂a＂ value of G0, G1 and G2 were -8.9, -10.1 and -10.6, respectively; the ratio between blue and white eggshell were 85.2, 94.3 and 96.2%, respectively; AFE and EN52 had no significant difference among these 3 generation, except ES40, which increased with selection (5.2, 5.6 and 5.7 kg/cm^2). The genetic variance of the ＂a＂ values in dam's component was 0.2663, higher than 0.1474 of sire's, which indicated the ＂a＂ value were affected by dominance inheritance or dam's effect. In conclusion, selection of eggshell color by the ＂a＂ value reading from colorimeter could increase the egg number with blue eggshell and it seems to have no negative effect on egg laying performance.

並列關鍵字

Brown Tsaiya ； Blued eggshell egg ；＂a＂ value

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