微衛星標記應用於白色菜鴨保種族群與宜蘭白鴨臺畜一號遺傳結構之探討

Study on genetic structure in germplasm-conserved White Tsaiya duck and Ilan White Tsaiya TLRI NO.1 by microsatellite markers

張怡穎(Yi-Ying Chang) ； 劉秀洲(Hsiu-Chou Liu) ； 陳怡蓁(Yi-Chen Chen) ； 丁詩同(Shih-Torng Ding) ； 王佩華(Pei-Hwa Wang) ； 林恩仲(En-Chung Lin) ； 蕭孟衿(Meng-Chin Hsiao) ； 黃振芳(Jeng-Fang Huang)

《畜產研究》 49卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 138-147

摘要

本試驗利用11組褐色菜鴨微衞星標記進行保種白色菜鴨第11代（WTg11）與第15代（WTg15）族群之跨世代遺傳分析，並與宜蘭白鴨臺畜一號第27代（L102g27）族群進行比較。保種白色菜鴨兩世代分析結果顯示，WTg15族群所含遺傳多樣性較WTg11族群為低，且兩世代呈輕微遺傳分化，推測可能為輪迴配種制度曾一度中斷所致。進一步比較同期之L102g27與WTg15遺傳歧異度發現，兩族群雖為同源，然其間F_(ST)值已近高度遺傳分化，推測應為保種族群自成品系後，宜蘭白鴨臺畜一號為固定菜鴨體型與白羽色，又經歷了超過20世代之長期選拔所造成，此歷程亦導致選育白色菜鴨之遺傳多態性明顯低於其他菜鴨品種（系）。未來將以此分析結果作為兩族群之多樣性基準，供後續遺傳監測，以確保本土鴨種遺傳之多樣性，並促進種原永續經營利用。

關鍵字

微衛星標記 ； 遺傳結構 ； 種原保存 ； 白色菜鴨 ； 宜蘭白鴨臺畜一號

並列摘要

In this study, we applied the 11 Brown Tsaiya duck-derived microsatellite markers to conduct a genetic analysis to the 11^(th) (WTg11) and 15^(th) (WTg15) generation of germplasm-conserved White Tsaiya ducks and made comparison with the 27^(th) generation of Ilan White Tsaiya TLRI NO.1 (L102g27). Compared with the WTg11 population, the WTg15 population had lower genetic diversity, and there was slight genetical difference between the two generations; this may be caused by onetime pulse of rotation crossbreeding system. In the comparison between the selected (L102g27) and conserved (WTg11 and WTg15) populations, the F_(ST) values indicated that there was nearly high differentiation between the two homologous populations, supposed to be resulted from the long-term selection over 20 generations for the body size and white feather color after the isolation of conserved line; it may also lead to obviously lower genetic diversity in selected White Tsaiya ducks than other Tsaiya breeds (lines). For ensuring genetic diversity of local duck breeds and achieving sustainable production, in the future, the result of genetic analysis in this study would be applied as a baseline for following monitoring.

並列關鍵字

Microsatellite markers ； Genetic structure ； Germplasm conservation ； White Tsaiya duck ； Ilan White Tsaiya TLRI NO.1