尼羅草台畜草一號之育成

以尼羅草AC4、AC7、AC14及AC15等四個品系為參試材料，盤固草A254為對照，分別於台南、新竹、彰化、屏東、台東及花蓮等測試。首先評估季節產量之差異，結果除台南及屏東兩地區外，其他地區冬季各品系的產量皆比其他季節低，此可能由於台南及屏東兩地區冬季乾旱時施以灌溉水所致。至於全年乾物產量，品系間以尼羅草AC15於六個地區平均26.2公噸／公頃／年最高，其次盤固草A254之25.5公噸／公頃／年，但葉乾枯率尼羅草AC15平均為22%，但盤固草A254卻高達48%。乾物率尼羅草AC15為25%，盤固草A254為29%。盤固草A254於冬季易感染銹病，六個地區分別落於15~85%，而尼羅草所有品系皆表現極抗。尼羅草AC15粗蛋白質含量平均為8.55%，較盤固草A254之6.98%高出22.5%，而尼羅草AC15之酸洗及中洗纖維分別為41.5%及68.3%，雖較盤固草A254高，但差異不明顯。尼羅草AC15乾物產量高於總平均值，穩定係數1.27，顯示若改善環境或順境時乾物產量會更高，而盤固草A254穩定係數為0.79，顯示逆境時相對地較穩定。粗蛋白質及酸洗纖維含量尼羅草AC15之穩定係數分別為0.86及0.77，顯示於不同環境下都較為穩定。由上知尼羅草AC15具高的乾物產量、高的粗蛋白質、抗銹病及於冬季有水地區仍生長良好的特性，於民國89年12月22日經農委會通過命名為尼羅草台畜草一號，正式推廣給農民種植，供酪農飼養草食動物之芻料用。

關鍵字

育種；尼羅草台畜草一號

並列摘要

The aim of this experiment was to select the nilegrass elite line with high production, high quality and resistance to rust for the feeding of livestock. There were four nilegrass lines, AC4, AC7, AC14 and AC15 used in the experime nt and pangolagrass A254 as the check variety. These lines were grown and evaluated at six locations, i.e., Tainan, Hsinchu, Changhua, Pingtung, Taitung and Hualien, respectively. The forage yield and quality were determined at each cutting. The results showed that dry matter yields of all lines in winter were lower than those in the three other seasons at most locations except Tainan and Pingtung areas where irrigation wa s available. It indicated that irrigation was important for growing nilegrass or pangolagrass in the dry season. Futher, nilegrass AC15 produced the highest dry matter yield 26.2 mt/ha/year among all lines, followed by pangolagrass A254 with 25.6 mt/ha/year. The dry matter percents and brown leaf percents of four nilegrass lines ranged from 23% to 25% and from 22% to 23%, but those of pangolagrass A254 were 29% and 48%, respectively. Pangolagrass A254 was easily susceptible to rust disease ranging about 15%~85 % at six locations, but all nilegrass lines were strongly resistant to it anywhere. Nilegrass AC15 had higher crude protein content with 8.55% than pangolagrass A254 with 6.98 %. The contents of acid and neutral detergent fibers of nilegrass AC15 were similar to those of pangolagrass A254 at most locations except Tainan. The stability index of dry matter yield of nilegrass AC15 was 1.27. It indicated that the produc tion could be promoted by better environment. However, the stability indices of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were 0.86 and 0.77, respectively, and these traits were shown to be stable at different environments. From above-mentioned results, nilegrass AC15 had high dry matter yield, high quality, resistance to rust and grew well in the whole year. It has been fo rmally named after Nilegrass Taishi No.1 by Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan in December 22, 2000. It was recommended to farmers to grow as green chop or making hay or silage to feed livestock.

並列關鍵字

Breeding ； Nilegrass Taishi No. 1

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