台灣水鹿之生殖能力與產茸能力

鹿類產品依需求不同其價值有異，在肉、皮、茸間的消費，國人選擇鹿茸，因此鹿茸的產值高以台兩計價。為提高收入，降低生產成本，提高鹿群產茸能力是鹿農要務。本研究係以高產茸公鹿配現有的台灣母水鹿所繁殖後代之母鹿連續數代以高產茸公鹿配種以期改善鹿茸生產能力。在仔鹿及母鹿的性能調查，公、母仔鹿初生體重分別為5.94 ± 0.89 與5.40 ± 0.70 ㎏，於三月齡斷乳體重為23.0 ± 5.62 與20.5 ± 3.89 ㎏，在一歲齡時為52.4 ± 6.37 與40.6 ± 6.80 ㎏，在母鹿的繁殖性能有91.5﹪繁殖率，95.3﹪育成率等均有較好表現，在產茸能力，親代之產茸能力從第一剪次到第九剪次分別為1197 ± 465 g，1886 ± 734 g，2757 ± 1167 g，3067 ± 1051 g , 3547 ± 1244 g，3961 ±1838 g，3981 ± 2271 g，4300 ± 1753 g 及2550 g 等，在子代從第一剪到第七剪次分別為1143 ± 489g，2134 ± 885 g，2950 ± 1420 g，3253 ± 1344 g，4050 ± 142 g，4538 ± 1534 g，5764 ± 1104 g及6000 g。除第一剪次較親代第一剪次差外，餘各剪次均有比其親代較高的產茸能力。民間鹿場產茸調查從第一剪到第七剪次分別為1216 ± 443 g，1902 ± 828 g，2439 ± 1306 g，2533 ± 935 g，2832 ± 1152 g，3056 ± 1397 g 與3244 ± 1280 g。

關鍵字

台灣水鹿；鹿茸產量；繁殖；生長

並列摘要

The value of the deer products depends mostly on the demand for the velvet antler. Therefore, increase of velvet antler production is the main concern for deer farmers. Experimental animals came from the offspring of mating of high producing stags with Formosan sambar hinds. The results of growth performance indicated that the average birth weights of male and female fawns were 5.94 ± 0.89 and 5.40 ± 0.70 kg, respectively. The weaning weights of male and female fawns at 3 months of age were 23.0 ± 5.62 and 20.5 ± 3.89 kg, and at 12 month age were 52.4 ± 6.37, 40.6 ± 6.80 kg, respectively. The reproductive performance of hinds showed that the calving rate was 91.57%. The survival rate was 95.3%. The average yield of offspring's velvet antler from 1 to 7 casting was 1143 ± 489, 2134 ± 885, 3253 ± 1344, 4050 ± 142, 4538 ± 1534, 5764 ± 1104 and 6000 g, respectively which were higher than that of the stags except the first casting. Average yields of velvet antler from 1 to 7 casting surveyed from commercial farms were 1216 ± 443 g, 1902 ± 828 g, 2439 ± 1306 g, 2832 ± 1152 g, 3056 ±1397 g and 3244 ± 1280 g, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Formosan sambar ； Velvet antler yield ； Reproduction ； Growth

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