堆肥施用對狼尾草及盤固草產量及氮利用率之影響

Effects of manure application on the forage yields of napiergrass and pangolagrass and N uptake efficiency

盧啟信(Chi-Hsin Lu) ； 許福星(Fu-Hsing Hsu)

《畜產研究》 37卷4期 (2004/12) Pp. 351-358

摘要

大量堆肥在牧草地的施用，收割牧草時可能殘留於牧草上，影響芻料品質。本試驗的目的在探討牛糞及豬糞堆肥於不同時期施用於盤固草及狼尾草地，對牧草乾物產量及氮吸收量的影響。本試驗的堆肥施用量為相當於化學氮肥推薦量一半氮素的牛糞或豬糞堆肥，堆肥除基肥外分別於不同的割次後施用。試驗結果顯示，盤固草及狼尾草的乾物產量及氮素的兩年累積吸收量皆以施用化學肥料者最佳，施用堆肥者，不論牛糞或豬糞皆以全部當基肥施用者較高。氮素在植體中的表面回收率（apparent N recovery rate），狼尾草顯著高於盤固草，而肥料處理中以施用化學肥料的表面回收率顯著高於施用堆肥處理者。施用堆肥處理者以當基肥一次施用者，氮的回收率較高，分次施用者，彼此間沒有顯著差異。而狼尾草對堆肥氮的利用率在20～38%之間，盤固草則在10～28%之間。豬糞及牛糞堆肥均以全部當基肥施用者氮的利用率較高。所有堆肥處理中，狼尾草對堆肥中氮的利用率均高於盤固草。

關鍵字

豬糞堆肥 ； 牛糞堆肥 ； 盤固草 ； 狼尾草 ； 氮利用率 ； 乾物產量

並列摘要

Massive application of manure on the pasture could affect the forage quality by residuals. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of hog and cattle composts on the forage yield and N uptake efficiency of napiergrass and pangolagrass applied at different cuttings. The half nitrogen fertilizer was replaced by hog or cattle compost. The results showed that the nitrogen uptakes and dry matter yields of napiergrass and pangolagrass were the highest when chemical fertilizer was applied. The N uptake efficiency and the dry matter yields of napiergrass and pangolagrass were the highest when the compost was applied with basal dressing. The apparent N recovery rate in napiergrasss was higher than that of pangolagrass. The apparent N recovery rate of chemical fertilizer treatments was significantly higher than those of compost treatments. The highest apparent N recovery rate of compost was observed at basal dressing among compost treatments. The percentages of N in compost utilized by napiergrass and pangolagrass were 20 ~ 38% and 10 ~ 28%, respectively. The utilization efficiency of N in compost by napiergrass was higher than by pangolagrass for all the compost treatments.

並列關鍵字

Hog compost ； Cattle compost ； Pangolagrass ； Napiergrass ； Nitrogen uptake efficiency ； Dry matter yield