不同品種與屠宰體重肉豬之生長性能、屠體性狀及體脂蓄積能力之探討

The growth performance, carcass characteristics and body fat accumulation for TLRI black pig No. 1 and LYD pig at different slaughter weights

蘇天明(Tein-Ming Su) ； 劉建甫(Chien-Fu Liu) ； 蔡金生(Gen-Shin Tsai) ； 廖宗文(Chung-Wen Liao) ； 盧金鎮(Jin-Jen Lu)

《畜產研究》 38卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 247-258

摘要

試驗旨在比較畜試黑豬一號（TLRI black pig No.1, TBP）及LYD肉豬之生長與屠體性能，以及脂質蓄積能力差異。採用平均體重50 kg的TBP 64頭及LYD 32頭，飼養至105 kg及120 kg二種不同屠宰體重組，豬隻達屠宰體重時逢機選取半數屠宰，測定屠體性狀，並採集第10-11肋骨間之皮下脂肪組織（Subcutaneous adipose tissue, SAT），測定脂肪細胞直徑與脂質合成相關酵素活性。結果顯示，TBP在試驗期間的日增重及飼料效率較LYD差（P＜0.001），屠體脂肪率（P＜0.05）及背脂厚度（P＜0.01）較高及厚，瘦肉率（P＜0.001）、腰眼面積（P＜0.01）和背最長肌（Longissimus muscle, LM）重量（P＜0.001）則較LYD小，SAT的脂肪細胞直徑（P＜0.01）及葡萄糖-6-磷酸去氫酶活性（G-6-PDH; P＜0.01）較LYD為大及強。屠宰體重（Slaughter weight, SW）105 kg組豬隻的日增重（P＜0.05）及飼料效率（P＜0.05）均較SW 120 kg組大，屠體長度（p＜0.001）、背脂厚度（P＜0.01）、腹脂厚度（P＜0.01）、腰眼面積（P＜0.05）、LM重量（P＜0.001）及脂肪率（P＜0.01）則均隨著SW增加而提高，而背脂厚度有較SW 120 kg組為薄的趨勢，SAT的脂肪細胞直徑（P＜0.1）及G-6-PDH活性（P＜0.05）亦隨著SW增加而增強。

關鍵字

畜試黑豬一號 ； LYD肉豬 ； 屠體性狀 ； 屠宰體重 ； 脂質生成酵素活性

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to compare the growth, carcass characteristics and body fat accumulation of TLRI black pig No. 1 ([Taoyuan♀×Duroc♂]♀×Duroc♂,TBP) and LYD pigs [Landrace♀×Yorkshire♂]♀× Duroc♂, LYD). A total of 64 TBP and 32 LYD pigs, half barrows and half gilts, were assigned to two slaughter weight (SW) groups (i.e. 105 and 120 kg) when their body weight (BW) was about 50 kg. When they reached the SW, half of the pigs were randomly chosen for slaughtering. The subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) between 10^(th) and 11^(th) rib was collected for measuring adipocyte diameter (AD) and lipogenic enzyme activities. The results indicated that TBP had smaller (P ＜ 0.001) average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (gain/feed, G/F) than those of the LYD. TBP had higher carcass fat percentage (P ＜ 0.05) and thicker BF (P ＜ 0.01), smaller loin eye area (LEA, P ＜ 0.01) and Longissimus muscle (LM) weight (P ＜ 0.001) and lower lean percentage (P ＜ 0.001) than the LYD pigs. The AD and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (G-6-PDH) of TBP's SAT was significantly (P ＜ 0.01) longer and higher than those of the LYD pigs. The SW 105 kg pigs had larger (P ＜ 0.05) ADG and G/F when compared with SW 120 kg pigs. The 120 kg group pigs had longer carcass length (P ＜ 0.001), thicker BF (P ＜ 0.01) and bellyfat thickness (P ＜ 0.01), larger LEA and LM weight (P ＜ 0.05) and higher (P ＜ 0.01) fat percentage than the SW 105 kg group. A higher G-6-PDH activity in fat tissue was detected for TBP when compared to LYD. The heavier SW pigs had larger AD (P ＜ 0.1) and higher (P ＜ 0.05) G-6-PDH activity. The results indicated that fat accumulation and synthesis was easier in TBP than those in LYD pig at the BW from 90 to 120 kg.

並列關鍵字

TLRI black pig No. 1 ； LYD pig ； Slaughter weight ； Adipocyte diameter ； Lipogenic enzyme activities