- 期刊
台灣乳牛經由胚移置改進遺傳性能之研究
Dairy cattle genetic improvement through embryo transfer technology in Taiwan
摘要
本研究之目的，在探討荷蘭種乳牛於台灣之飼養環境下，經由胚移置和傳統之人工授精，其後裔母牛性能表現的比較。胚移置期間為1998-1999年，乳牛群檢定資料之收集期間自2002年3月至2004年10月。來自8個牧場以胚移置技術生產之後裔母牛29頭，以及同場同期分娩之非胚移置後裔母牛114頭供研究。試驗設計採用完全逢機設計，分析不同性狀之平均值、標準偏差、最低值及最高值，以及胚移置及非胚移置乳牛於305-ME乳量（MY305）、同場同期比較差乳量（HMDM）、乳脂量（FY305）、同場同期比較差乳脂量（HMDF）、累積蛋白質率（CPP）以及累積乳脂率（CFP）之相關。胚移置乳牛較非胚移置乳牛之平均乳量多371公斤、乳脂量高10公斤、累積蛋白質率無顯著差異，而累積乳脂率則低0.07%。胚移置父親牛之平均PTAM（Predicted Transmitting Ability for Milk）較非胚移置父親牛多542公斤、PTAF（Predicted Transmitting Ability for Fat）多2.4公斤、PTAP（Predicted Transmitting Ability for Protein）多19.2公斤。胚移置母親牛比非胚移置母親牛之MY305平均多422公斤，FY305則少6公斤；同時，累積蛋白質率和累積乳脂率分別低0.04及0.02%，統計分析其差異均不顯著。胚移置乳牛之MY305與HMDM之體表型相關估計高達0.97、與FY305相關為0.65、與HMDF為0.67，均呈現極顯著之正相關（P＜0.01）；但與累積蛋白質率為負相關（-0.22，P＞0.05），與累積乳脂率亦呈現極顯著負相關（-0.52，P＜0.01）。胚移置後裔之乳量、乳脂量平均比非胚移置後裔多，雖未達統計上之顯著水準，但平均乳量每日仍高出約1.2公斤。結論建議應用胚移置技術為提升台灣乳牛遺傳改進效率之一條捷徑。
並列摘要
The objective of this study was to analyze the dairy cattle genetic improvement and its correlations of production traits through embryo transfer (ET) technology. A data file containing 29 ET and 114 non-ET herdmate lactation records of Holstein cows distributed across year 2002-2004 groups was analyzed to obtain performance estimates for milk yield, milk fat, and percentages of protein. All data were adjusted to 305d, mature equivalent (ME) basis. Components of variance for six traits were estimated using a general linear model procedure of SAS. Means for milk yield (MY305), herdmate deviation of milk (HMDM), fat yield (FY305), herdmate deviation of fat (HMDF), cumulative protein percentages (CP%) and cumulative fat percentages (CF%) for ET were 9002, 1999, 366, 101 kg, 3.15 and 3.51%, respectively. However, means for non-ET were 8631, 1645, 356, 89 kg, 3.15 and 3.58%, respectively. Means of sire's predicted transmitting ability for milk (PTAM) for ET cows were higher than that of non-ET cows (2102.7 vs. 1560.7 kg). Meanwhile, means of MY305 for dams were also higher in ET than in non-ET group (8703 vs. 8281 kg.) Phenotypic correlations between MY305 and FY305 in ET and non-ET group were 0.65 (P ＜ 0.01) and 0.78 (P ＜ 0.01), respectively. Phenotypic correlations between MY305 and CP% in ET and non-ET group were -0.22 and -0.18, respectively. Strong negative phenotypic correlations were found between MY305 and CF% in ET and non-ET group, resulting in -0.52 (P ＜ 0.01) and -0.35 (P ＜ 0.01), respectively.
延伸閱讀
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- 廖仁寶、陳若菁、吳明哲、張秀鑾（2017）。乳牛短脊椎綜合症基因檢測新法開發。畜產研究，50(3)，213-218。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20200930001-201709-202010210021-202010210021-213-218
- 王思涵、李國華、張俊達、陳怡璇、陳一明、賈玉祥（2016）。乳牛轉換期餵飼草本複方添加物對於泌乳生產及繁殖性能之影響。畜產研究，49(3)，194-200。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20200930001-201609-202010210018-202010210018-194-200
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- 黃鈺嘉、張秀鑾、林德育、廖仁寶、陳若菁、吳松鎮、楊德威、黃金山、曾青雲、蕭宗法、劉秀洲、劉振發、吳明哲（2000）。Gene Frequencies of Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency of Holsteins in Taiwan。畜產研究，33(1)，37-47。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20200930001-200003-202011250021-202011250021-37-47