乳成分取代乳比重納入生乳計價可行性之探討

The study on the feasibility of using milk composition to substitute milk specific gravity to fit into raw milk payment system

李素珍(Sue-Jan Lee)

《畜產研究》 39卷3期 (2006/09) Pp. 165-173

摘要

本試驗之目的為探討乳成分取代乳比重納入生乳計價之可行性。自2005年元月份起，每月一次採集味全、光泉及統一公司之酪農總乳樣品，分析乳比重、脂肪、蛋白質、真蛋白質、乳糖、無脂固形物及總固形物等。結果顯示，乳比重與脂肪、蛋白質、真蛋白質、乳糖、無脂固形物及總固形物等均呈顯著正相關（P＜0.001～0.05）。經統計分析，獲得乳脂肪與總固形物（A）、乳脂肪與無脂固形物（B）、乳脂肪與蛋白質（C）等3組估算比重之公式。由公式A及B所的估算比重相同（小數第4位），並與實測比重差距相同，平均介於-0.00063～+0.00013間，估算比重與實測比重間無顯著差異。而實測比重與公式C之估算比重差距平均介於-0.00183～+0.00036間，公式C估算比重與實測比重平均差距較公式A及B大，且乳品廠N估算比重與實測比重間有顯著差異（P＜0.05）。實測比重之乳價與估算比重之乳價差距為0～0.38元／公斤，以百分比表示差距為0～1.80%。並由公式A及B依國內現行生乳計價模式計算出對應之總固形物及無脂固形物，可供為將來計價時直接對照使用。

關鍵字

乳成分 ； 生乳計價 ； 乳比重

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using milk composition to replace milk specific gravity in the raw milk payment system. Dairy farmer's bulk milk has been sampled monthly from Wen-chun, Kuang-chuan and President dairy companies since January 2005. We tested milk specific gravity, fat, protein, true protein, lactose, solids-not-fat and total solids. The results showed that milk specific gravity had a highly positive correlation coefficients with fat, protein, true protein, lactose, solids-not-fat and total solids (P 0.001 0.05). After calculating by computer, we got 3 formulas to estimate milk specific gravity, including fat and total solids (formula A), fat and solids-not-fat (formula B) as well as fat and protein (formula C), respectively. The estimated specific gravity was the same for formula A and B. The disparity of realistic specific gravity and estimated specific gravity was the same for formula A and B. The difference range was from -0.00063 to +0.00013 for formula A and B, and the difference range was from -0.00183 to +0.00036 for formula C. The disparity of realistic specific gravity and estimated specific gravity was greater for formula C than formula A and B. There was no significant difference between estimated milk specific gravity and realistic specific gravity for formula A and B. However, it was significant for formula C by dairy company N (P＜0.05). Milk prices were different from realistic specific gravity and estimated specific gravity were from 0 to 0.38 dollars per kg. It means milk prices difference could range from 0 to 1.8 %. Corresponding total solids and solids-not-fat were calculated with formula A and B according to current raw milk payment system. The synopsis would provide for a new payment system in the future.

並列關鍵字

Milk composition ； Raw milk payment system ； Milk specific gravity