不同粗纖維來源與含量對肥育期畜試黑豬生長性能與屠體性狀之影響

本研究目的在探討運用麩皮與高粱酒粕等粗纖維來源原料，以調整飼糧粗纖維含量分別為4%和6%，對肥育期畜試黑豬生長性能、血液性狀、屠體性狀、背最長肌外觀評分與官能品評之影響。試驗採用平均體重約為80kg之畜試黑豬肉豬24頭，公母各半，依性別與體重分別飼養於24個別欄舍。飼糧處理為2×2複因子排列（factorial arrangement），即分別使用麩皮（WB）或高粱酒粕（SDG），以及調整飼糧粗纖維含量為4%與6%，每組飼糧有6重複。試驗期間採任食，當豬隻平均體重達110kg時，每處理逢機選取4頭試驗豬，送至屠宰場進行屠體性狀及豬肉品質分析。試驗結果顯示，肥育期畜試黑豬餵飼粗纖維含量為4%與6%之間，其生長性能沒有顯著差異。但在飼料利用率則以粗纖維來源為麩皮組顯著優於高粱酒粕組（P＜0.05）。在血液性狀、屠體性狀以及屠體肌肉化學組成（腹脅肉之脂肪含量除外），粗纖維來源與含量間均沒有顯著差異。在背最長肌之外觀評分，以麩皮調配飼糧粗纖維含量4%比纖維來源為高粱酒粕組（含量4%或6%）有較佳之肉色評分（P＜0.05），但是在大理石紋評分，餵飼以高粱酒粕調配飼糧粗纖維含量為4%組，顯著高於麩皮6%組（P＜0.05）。在官能品評，則以麩皮調配飼糧粗纖維含量為4%時，顯著比以高粱酒粕調配飼糧粗纖維含量6%組有較佳之嫩度（P＜0.05）。綜合上述結果顯示，飼糧粗纖維來源與含量對肥育期畜試黑豬之攝食量、飼料利用率、腹脅肉之脂肪含量、背最長肌之肉色評分與大理石紋以及嫩度等性狀有顯著效應（P＜0.05）。因此，在調配肥育期畜試黑豬飼糧粗纖維用量時，應考量粗纖維來源與含量，以提昇其生長性能與屠體品質。

關鍵字

粗纖維；生長性能；屠體性狀；豬肉品質

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of crude fiber sources and levels on the growth performance, blood traits, carcass characters, profile scores and panel test of Longissimus dorsi muscle of finishing TLRI Black Pigs. A total of 24 head of finisher TLRI Black Pigs (half barrows and half gilts) averaging 80 kg BW were used and assigned to each individual pen (24 pens) depending on sex and bodyweight in this experiment. The experiment was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement test with 2 crude fiber sources (wheat bran; WB vs. sorghum distiller's grains; SDG) and 2 fiber levels (4% vs. 6%). Animals were allowed to access feed and clean water ad libitum. Four pigs (2 barrows and 2 gilts) per each treatment group were randomly selected to slaughter for analyzing carcass traits and panel test, when their body weights were up to 110 kg. The results showed that the effect of fiber contents (4% vs.6%) was not significantly different in growth performance of finisher TLRI black Pigs, but in feeding with fiber source as WB had a more superior feed efficiency than in feeding with SDG (P ＜ 0.05). Among blood traits, carcass characters and chemical composition of meat (excluding fat content of belly muscle) also did not have a remarkable difference from either fiber sources (WB vs. SDG) or fiber contents (4% vs. 6%). There was a higher score in color of Longissimus dorsi from those with 4% fiber source from WB than from SDG (4% and 6%), but the marbling score showed an inverse result from those fed with 4% fiber source than from those with 6% fiber. In the panel test, those with 4% fiber source from WB had better tenderness than those with 6% fiber source from SDG (P ＜ 0.05). Summing up, the previous results showed that fiber sources and levels had a positive impact on daily feed intake, feed efficiency, fat percentage of belly muscle, color and marbling and tenderness of Longissimus dorsi of the finisher TLRI Black Pigs (P ＜ 0.05). However, we should not neglect the effects of fiber sources and levels, when we want to compound more crude fiber into rations for finisher TLRI Black Pigs.

並列關鍵字

Crude fiber ； Growth performance ； Carcass traits ； Pork quality

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