不同代謝能及蛋白質含量實用飼糧對4-8週齡烏骨雞生長性狀之影響

Effect of the practical diets with three levels of protein and two levels of energy on the growth performance of silky chickens during 4-8 weeks of age

林義福(Yih-Fwu Lin) ； 劉曉龍(Hsiao-Lung Liu) ； 洪哲明(Che-Ming Hung) ； 鄭裕信(Yu-Shin Cheng) ； 謝昭賢(Chao-Hsien Hsieh)

《畜產研究》 44卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 197-204

摘要

本試驗旨在探討不同代謝能及蛋白質含量實用飼糧配方對烏骨雞4-8週齡生長性狀之影響。以本所育成之1日齡烏骨雞360隻為試驗動物，以一般實用飼糧飼養至4週齡後，逢機分成6組，每組三重複分飼於三欄，每欄20隻雞（公母各半）。飼糧以玉米－大豆粕為主，採3×2複因子試驗，調配含粗蛋白質17、19、21%，代謝能2,800、3,000kcal/kg，共6種組合飼糧，水及飼糧任食，分別於第4、6及8週齡測量體重、飼料採食量、飼料轉換率（F/G），並採血測定血液性狀，以評估4-8週齡烏骨雞最佳生長之能量、蛋白質需要量。結果顯示，6週齡平均體重各組間無顯著差異，8週齡平均體重以CP19%及21%組合ME3,000kcal/kg之二處理組較高，並與CP17%、ME3,000kcal/kg之處理組有顯著差異（P＜0.05）；4-8週平均增重以CP21%組合ME3,000kcal/kg之處理組最高，並與CP17%組合ME3,000kcal/kg之處理組有顯著差異（P＜0.05）；4-8週飼料轉換率（F/G）以CP21%組合ME3,000kcal/kg之處理組最佳（3.25），CP19%組合ME2,800kcal/kg之處理組最差（3.73），並呈現顯著差異（P＜0.05）。主效應分析顯示，飼糧蛋白質含量或代謝能含量對平均體重並無顯著影響；4-6週齡增重，含粗蛋白質17%之處理組較含粗蛋白質21%者高（P＜0.05），但6-8週齡增重，含粗蛋白質19及21%之處理組較含粗蛋白質17%者高（P＜0.05），全期以含粗蛋白質21%者增重最高，含粗蛋白質17%者最低，但無顯著差異；代謝能對體重或增重均無顯著影響，蛋白質與代謝能對增重有顯著交感效應存在（P＜0.05）。血液性狀顯示，血液尿酸濃度以含粗蛋白質19%、代謝能2,800kcal/kg之處理組最高，粗蛋白質17%、代謝能3,000kcal/kg之處理組最低（P＜0.05），血液三酸甘油酯濃度以含粗蛋白質19%，代謝能3,000kcal/kg之處理組最高，粗蛋白質17%、代謝能3,000kcal/kg之處理組最低（P＜0.05），但兩者間無交感效應存在。綜合以上結果，4-8週齡烏骨雞達最佳生長之蛋白質需要量為21%，代謝能為3,000kcal/kg。

關鍵字

土雞 ； 代謝能 ； 蛋白質 ； 生長性狀

並列摘要

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the metabolizable energy(ME) and protein requirement of silky chickens during growing period at 4-8 weeks of age. A total of 360 day-old black silky chicks from Livestock Research Institute (LRI) were divided into 6 groups. Each group had 60 birds which were allocated into 3 pens (3 replicates) with half males and half females. The experiment was conducted as 3×2 factorial design. The corn-soybean diets were formulated to the levels of 17, 19 and 21% crude protein (CP) and 2,800 and 3,000 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME). Water and feed were fed ad libitum. Body weight, feed intake were recorded at 6 and 8 weeks of age. Blood were sampled for plasma characteristic analysis. Energy and protein requirements for best growth performance of silky chicks during growing period at 4-8 weeks of age were evaluated. The results showed that no significant difference on average body weight was found among treatments at 6 weeks of age. Provision of diets containing 19% and 21% CP with 3,000 kcal/kg ME had significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) average body weight than that with CP 17% and ME 3,000 kcal/kg at 8 weeks of age. Diet with CP 21% and ME 3,000 kcal/kg had significantly higher average weight gain than that with CP17% and ME 3,000 kcal/kg (P ＜ 0.05) during 4-8 weeks of age. Diet with CP 21% and ME 3,000 kcal/kg had the best feed efficiency (3.25) and that with CP 19% and ME 2,800 kcal/kg was the worst (3.73) (P ＜ 0.05). The dietary CP did not significantly affect average body weight. Diet with CP 17% had higher weight gain than that with CP 21% (P ＜ 0.05) during 4-6 weeks of age. Diet with CP 19 and 21% had higher weight gain than that with CP 17% (P ＜ 0.05) during 6-8 weeks of age. Diet with 23% CP was higher than that with 21% and 19% CP (P ＜ 0.05). Diet with 21% CP had the highest weight gain and that with 17% had the lowest during 4-8 weeks of age. ME had no significant effect on body weight or weight gain. Significant interaction effect between CP and ME was found on the weight gain (P ＜ 0.05). The blood characteristics showed that uric acid content was highest in chickens fed diets containing 19% CP with 2,800 kcal/kg ME and lowest in diets containing 17% CP with 3,000 kcal/kg ME (P ＜ 0.05) . Triglyceride content was highest in chickens fed diets containing 19% CP with 3,000 kcal/kg ME and lowest in diets containing 17% CP with 3,000 kcal/kg ME (P ＜ 0.05). No interaction was found between CP and ME. The conclusion showed that the protein and energy requirement for growth performance of silky chicken during 4-8 weeks of age were 21% and 3,000 kcal/kg, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Silky chicken ； Metabolizable energy ； Protein ； Growth performance