DHI計畫泌乳牛群潛在性酮症之調查

The survey of subclinical ketosis for DHI dairy cows

李素珍(Sue-Jan Lee) ； 洪銘崧(Ming-Sung Hung) ； 賈玉祥(Yu-Shine Jea)

《畜產研究》 48卷3期 (2015/09) Pp. 161-169

摘要

本試驗目的為篩選乳牛群性能改良（Dairy Herd Improvement, DHI）計畫之乳牛群潛在性酮症泌乳牛，自2013年10月至2014年11月每月一次採集20家種牛場個別牛乳樣本及抽樣採集其他DHI乳牛群個別牛乳樣本，以「乳成分測定儀」測定乳中丙酮及β－羥基丁酸（β-hydroxybutyrate, BHBA）濃度、蛋白質率與脂肪率。結果顯示，經冷藏貯存試驗，酮體（丙酮及BHBA）於6日內仍穩定，因此，依例行的DHI計畫作業程序可獲得穩定的酮體數據。所有試驗牛隻總頭數為44,496頭，有潛在性酮症百分比為7.0%，泌乳期42日內發生酮症之風險最高佔39.3%，而其他泌乳期都有風險；潛在性酮症牛之乳蛋白質率與脂肪率比值（P／F）小於或等於0.70的百分比為最高，佔40.8%，然而P／F比值超過0.71以上者佔59.2%；潛在性酮症牛其乳脂肪率與蛋白質率比值（F／P）大於1.4者佔43.5%，而其他F／P比值佔56.5%。結論顯示，泌乳牛於所有泌乳期、任何階段P／F比值及F／P比值都有酮症風險，然而影響乳成分的因素眾多，建議不宜單以P／F比值或F／P比值判定潛在性酮症，而參加DHI計畫泌乳牛群則宜定期篩檢乳中酮體。

關鍵字

泌乳牛 ； 酮體 ； 潛在性酮症

並列摘要

This survey was to screen DHI (Dairy Herd Improvement) dairy cows with subclinical ketosis. From Oct. 2013 to Nov. 2014, individual cow milk was sampled monthly from 20 breeding farms and other DHI dairy farms. The concentration of milk acetone, BHBA (β-hydroxybutyrate) and percentage of milk protein and fat were examined by Milk Composition Analyzer. The result showed that milk ketone bodies including acetone and BHBA still stayed stable within 6 days after cold storage testing, therefore, using routine DHI operating procedure could facilitate obtaining stable ketone bodies data. The total number of cows from all farms sampled was 44,496 and 7% of them were of subclinical ketosis conditions; their highest risk of showing subclinical ketosis conditions within 42 days into lactation period was 39.3%. Among the cows from all farms sampled with subclinical ketosis conditions, 40.8% of them displayed milk protein to fat ratio (P/F) value ≤ 0.70; 59.2% of them displayed P/F value ＞ 0.71. Among the cows from all farms sampled with subclinical ketosis conditions, 43.5% of them displayed milk fat to protein ratio (F/P) value ＞ 1.4. However, other milk F/P value occupied 56.5%. It was concluded that the risk of subclinical ketosis occurred during all stage of milk lactation, any phase of milk P/F value and F/ P value. Many factors will influence milk composition. Therefore, It is not recommend to use milk P/F value or F/P value for identifying ketosis. It is necessary to regularly sampling and monitoring the ketone bodies in DHI cow milk.

並列關鍵字

Milking dairy cows ； Ketone bodies ； Subclinical ketosis