摘要
田菁（Sesbania roxburghii）除了當作綠肥，由於其產量大，對環境條件適應性廣，且屬豆科作物，具高營養成分，值得進行其供作芻料利用之評估，以提供農民參考應用。本研究探討田菁之芻料產量、化學成分及青貯品質，以評估其供作芻料的潛力。試驗結果顯示，田菁的株高、乾物率及芻料產量、粗蛋白質、酸洗纖維、中洗纖維和水溶性碳水化合物含量均顯著受生育日數影響。於種植後90日（DAP90）青割，其芻料產量（乾物量）約為5 Mg ha^(-1)，較種植後60日（DAP60）高出32%。同時，DAP 90的CP含量約為16%，比DAP 60高，但DAP 90之ADF和NDF會顯著提高，其中NDF提高約23%，對動物消化率及嗜口性的影響較為不利。未經萎凋降低水分含量而直接青貯者，或未混合玉米粉、狼尾草等添加物的青貯處理，發酵明顯不良，乙酸、丁酸含量與銨態氮百分比偏高，Flieg氏評分點低於40，為「品質不佳」的青貯料；而經過萎凋、混合狼尾草或玉米粉之青貯料，乳酸含量顯著升高，pH值顯著下降，Flieg氏評分點均介於60至80之間，均屬於「良好」品質的青貯料。因此，本試驗結果建議，田菁可經適當的處理，如萎凋或是混合玉米粉或狼尾草等，調製成品質良好的青貯料。
並列摘要
In addition to the use as green manure, sesbania (Sesbania roxburghii) might be used as forage, since sesbania has the characteristics of wide adaptability, high yield and nutrient content. The objective of this study was to determine the forage yield, chemical contents and silage quality of sesbania to evaluate the potential of sesbania for forage use. Plant height, dry matter (DM) yield, content of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) of sesbania were affected by the growth days. DM yield of sesbania of 90 Days-after-planting (DAP90) was 5.0 Mg ha^(-1), which was 32% higher than that of DAP60 sesbania. CP content of sesbania was about 16.0% when harvested at DAP90, while contents of ADF and NDF raised significantly. Silage of sesbania without any ensiling treatment has high pH, NH_4-N ratio, acetic acid and butyric acid content. So the Flieg's point was lower than 40, which means the quality was ＂poor＂. Wilting, adding with corn meal or mixing with napiergrass chops could raise the silage quality significantly as the pH reduced to 4.0-4.5 and the Flieg's points lifted to 68-76 which means their quality were ＂good＂. The results suggested that sesbania has the potential to be the substitute for alfalfa, since their nutrient content were similar. Sesbania could be well ensiled by proper ensiling treatments before used for forage.
延伸閱讀
- 朱明宏、王紓愍、游翠凰、林汶鑫、陳嘉昇（2019）。收穫期及青貯調製方式對於小葉灰藋作為芻料可行性的評估。中華民國雜草學會會刊，40(2)，99-112。https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC.201912_40(2).0002
- 陳勃聿（2020）。利基性芻料作物生產模式之介紹。畜產專訊，(114)，4-5。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20201005001-202012-202101210012-202101210012-4-5
- 彭炳戊（2002）。國產芻料及農副產物青貯之應用。畜產專訊，(41)，15-15。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20201005001-200209-202011170020-202011170020-15-15
- Chen, X., Du, X., Liu, W., Wu, M., & Zhang, X. (2022). Analysis on Restoration Impact Value Model of Saihanba Forest Farm. International Core Journal of Engineering, 8(3), 88-94. https://doi.org/10.6919/ICJE.202203_8(3).0015
- 林立、翁崧夏、沈恕忻、陳任芳、游之穎、楊大吉（2015）。Application of Ecological Engineering in Organic Farm。臺中區農業改良場特刊，()，66-79。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20131108002-201505-201507020018-201507020018-66-79