飼糧中添加燕麥青貯料對荷蘭牛泌乳性能之影響

本研究目的為探討飼糧中添加本地冬季產燕麥之青貯料對荷蘭泌乳牛泌乳性能之影響。試驗於夏、冬季各進行一次，將8頭荷蘭泌乳牛依體重、乳量、胎次與泌乳天數逢機分成兩組，分別餵與玉米青貯之於基礎日糧之對照組及燕麥青貯添加玉米粉及乳酸菌與酵母菌取代30%玉米青貯乾基之試驗組。燕麥青貯之品質分析，其pH值為3.89，乾物質含量為32%，以乾物質基計算粗蛋白質、酸洗纖維及中洗纖維含量分別為7.61%、28.8% 及62%；另外，揮發性脂肪酸中之乙酸、丙酸、丁酸及乳酸含量分別為2.15%、0.03%、0.02%及6.97%，整體評分為91分，屬於優良品質的青貯料。燕麥青貯應用於泌乳牛群之夏季試驗結果顯示，對照組與試驗組之平均乾物質採食量分別為21.6及21.3公斤；產乳量分別為26.5 及27.4 kg；乳蛋白質分別為2.73及2.8%；乳脂肪分別為3.43及3.61%；乳醣分別為4.93及4.87%；無脂固形物分別為8.36及8.37%；總固形物分別為11.8及11.9%；體細胞數分別為10.8及16×10^4 cells/mL；尿素氮分別為10.6及10.7 mg/dL；檸檬酸分別為150及163 mg/dL。冬季試驗結果顯示，對照組與試驗組之平均乾物質採食量分別為17.5及19.6 kg；產乳量分別為24.7及24.8 kg；乳蛋白質分別為3.1及3.2%；乳脂肪分別為3.87及4.17%；乳醣分別為4.83及4.94%；無脂固形物分別為8.8及8.93%；總固形物分別為12.5及12.9%；體細胞數分別為12.1及15.4×10^4 cells/mL；尿素氮分別為13.6及14.8 mg/dL；檸檬酸分別為159及149 mg/dL。綜合上述結果顯示，燕麥青貯料經依Flieg's score評估，顯示品質為優良，具有與青割玉米同等級之營養價值，可視為牛隻優良芻料來源。以燕麥青貯取代30%玉米青貯的乾基混合於飼糧中，並不會造成牛群採食量、產乳量及乳品質的負面影響，目前國內除廣泛被酪農應用之玉米青貯外，燕麥青貯可作為北部地區泌乳牛冬季芻料的新選擇之一。表示北部地區於冬季栽種燕麥製作青貯料，燕麥青貯料的利用不僅可以活化農地，並可成為國內冬季芻料多元化的新選擇。

關鍵字

乳牛；燕麥；青貯；泌乳性能

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects on 30% oat silage in lieu of corn silage in the diets for lactating cows and dry matter intake (DMI), daily milk yield (DMY), milk protein percentage (MPP), milk fat percentage (MFP), milk lactose percentage (MLP), milk solid non-fat (MSNF), milk total solid (MTS), somatic cell counts (SCC), milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and milk citric acid (MCA) were analyzed. This study was performed both in summer and winter. A total of 8 Holstein dairy cows were randomly allocated into two groups according to their body weight, milk yield, parity and days in milk. The cows fed on diets containing 0 (control) and 30% oat silage (included corn meal and Lactobacillus spp. and Saccharomyces spp.) in lieu of corn silage. The results of the summer experimental period showed that there were no differences between the control and 30% oat silage supplemented group on DMI (21.6 vs. 21.3 kg) DMY (26.5 vs. 27.4 kg), MPP (2.73 vs. 2.8%), MPF (3.43 vs. 3.61%), MLP (4.93 vs. 4.87%), MSNF (8.36 vs. 8.37%), MTS (11.8 vs. 11.9%), SCC (10.8 vs. 16 10^4/mL), MUN (10.6 vs.10.7 mg/dL) and MCA (150 vs. 163 mg/dL). The results of the winter experimental period showed that there were no differences between the control and 30% oat silage supplemented group on DMI (17.5 vs. 19.6 kg), DMY (24.7 vs. 24.8 kg), MPP (3.1 vs. 3.2%), MPF (3.87 vs. 4.17%), MLP (4.83 vs. 4.94%), MSNF (8.8 vs. 8.93%), MTS (12.5 vs. 12.9%), SCC (12.1 vs. 15.4 10^4/mL), MUN (13.6 vs. 14.8 mg/dL) and MCA (159 vs. 149 mg/dL). In conclusion, the oat silage was evaluated by Flieg's score, which showed excellent quality and had the same nutritional value as corn silage. The use of 30% oat silage instead of corn silage in total mix ration had no adverse effect on DMI, DMY, MPP, MPF, MLP, SNF, TS, SCC, MUN and MCA. The oat silage could be deeming as a new option for dairy cattle feedstuff particular in winter period in northern Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Dairy cattle ； Oat grass ； Silage ； Lactation performance

國際替代計量

飼糧中添加燕麥青貯料對荷蘭牛泌乳性能之影響

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