多能性幹細胞技術發展之回顧

近年來，已發展出多種建立多能性幹細胞之技術，如胚幹細胞技術（embryonic stem cells, ESCs）、單一胚葉胚幹細胞（single blastomere-derived embryonic stem cells）、體細胞核轉置胚幹細胞（somatic cell nuclear transferred embryonic stem cells）、孤雌生殖胚幹細胞（parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells）及誘導性多能幹細胞（induced pluripotent stem cell, iPSCs）等。其中，誘導性多能幹細胞自2006年發表以來已歷10餘年，迄今已被廣泛應用於疾病模式、藥物篩選及細胞治療等多項生物醫學之研究，開創幹細胞科技與再生醫學領域的全新發展。iPSC技術之發展乃建立在體細胞再程式化（reprogramming）、轉錄因子（transcription factors）的發現與胚幹細胞培養技術上，這些研究成果成就了iPSC的誕生。然而，iPSC技術並非完美無瑕，尚有許多問題仍待進一步研究，如iPSC產製方式的改進、產製效率的提升及產製品質的控制等。本篇報告將介紹多能性幹細胞技術的發展歷程、家畜幹細胞進展及未來展望，讓讀者更瞭解這項新興科技。

關鍵字

誘導性多能幹細胞；胚幹細胞；畜產動物

並列摘要

Recently, various techniques for establishment of pluripotent stem cells has been developed, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), single blastomere-derived embryonic stem cells, somatic cell nuclear transferred embryonic stem cells, parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Among these techniques, the success of iPSC technology in 2006 was more than a decade which had been widely used for biomedical research, such as disease modeling, drug screening, and cell therapy. This technique had opened an avenue for stem cell technology and regenerative medicine. Thanks to the previous studies that verified the mechanism for reprogramming somatic cells, discovered transcription factors, and optimized culture conditions of ESCs, foundations established from these basic researches promote the development of iPSCs. However, many issues, such as production efficiency, and quality of iPSCs, should be improved. In this review, we discussed in detail and looked back the history of pluripotent stem cells, stem cell development in farm animals, and the future perspectives for better understanding of this new technology.

並列關鍵字

Induced pluripotent stem cells ； Embryonic stem cells ； Farm animals

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多能性幹細胞技術發展之回顧

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