飼糧鈣含量與根黴菌發酵萃取物對公番鴨精液性狀之影響

Effects of dietary calcium level and Rhizopus fermentation extract supplementation on semen traits of Muscovy drake

魏良原(Liang-Yuan Wei) ； 徐小恆(Xiao-Heng Xu) ； 張惠斌(Wei-Beng Chang) ； 陳志毅(Jih-Yih Chen) ； 蘇晉暉(Chin-Hui Su) ； 張怡穎(Yi-Ying Chang) ； 林美峰(Mei-Fong Lin) ； 劉秀洲(Hsiu-Chou Liu)

《畜產研究》 55卷1期 (2022/03) Pp. 22-30

https://doi.org/10.6991/JTLR.202203_55(1).0003

摘要

改鴨場飼養的採精用公番鴨因隻數少，不易採購飼料，多以含鈣量較高的產蛋鴨料餵飼公番鴨，不利於生精作用，而根黴菌發酵萃取物對睪丸之生精作用及繁殖能力具有正面的幫助。本試驗探討飼糧中鈣含量及根黴菌發酵萃取物添加對公番鴨精液性狀的影響供產業參考。以採精訓練後之29週齡公番鴨27隻為試驗動物，隨機分成三組，各組9隻，分別餵飼T1飼料（對照組，鈣含量1.03%）、T2（產蛋鴨料，鈣含量3.03%）與T3（鈣含量1.03%+根黴菌發酵萃取物0.20%），每隻每日固定餵飼180g。33週齡起每週採精兩次並檢測精液量、精子濃度及總精子數至56週齡。每4週秤重一次，並檢測參試鴨隻精子存活率及形態正常率。試驗結果顯示，參試鴨隻自30至54週齡平均體重減少約3.3－6.0%。T1、T2及T3等3個組別的精液量分別為1.32±0.10、1.34±0.11及1.50±0.13mL，以添加根黴菌發酵萃取物的T3組之精液量顯著高於其他二組（P＜0.05）；精子濃度分別為2.66±0.23、2.36±0.16及2.53±0.27×10^9 spz/mL，總精子數分別為3.55±0.41、3.15±0.33及3.73±0.48×10^9 spz，T1、T3等二組之精子濃度與總精子數皆顯著高於T2（P＜0.05），各組間之活精子率及形態正常率皆無差異。綜上所述，以含鈣量較高之產蛋鴨料餵飼公番鴨會有較低的精子濃度及總精子數。在飼糧中添加根黴菌發酵萃取物，可增加性成熟公番鴨的精液量，但對精子存活率及精子形態正常率沒有影響。

關鍵字

番鴨 ； 鈣 ； 根黴菌發酵萃取物 ； 精液性狀

並列摘要

Due to the small population of Muscovy drake breeders, complete commercial feed for drake breeders is not available and infeasible for farm owners to formulate the optimal feeds independently. As a result, the most of drakes are fed with egg-laying duck feed in Kaiya duck farms, which may exert a negative effect on spermatogenesis. The Rhizopus fermentation extract (RE) benefits spermatogenesis and reproductive function in some avian species. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary calcium level and RE supplementation on semen traits of Muscovy drake breeders. The 27 Muscovy drakes at 29 weeks of age after semen collection training were divided randomly into three groups, with 9 animals of each treatment including 3.03% Ca (T1), 1.03% Ca (T2) and 1.03% Ca + 0.2% RE (T3). Animals were fed with 180 g of fixed ration every day. Semen was collected twice a week from 33 to 56 weeks of age while the semen volume, sperm concentration and total spermatozoa number were measured. Animals were weighed every 4 weeks, and the live sperms rate and normal morphology sperms rate were assessed. The results showed a decline of body weight by about 3.3% - 6.0% from 30 to 54 weeks of age without any differences among the 3 groups. The semen volume of the T1, T2, and T3 were 1.34 ± 0.11, 1.32 ± 0.10 and 1.50 ± 0.13 mL respectively and the T3 group was significantly greater than that of the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05). The sperm concentration was 2.36 ± 0.16, 2.66 ± 0.23 and 2.53 ± 0.27 × 10^9 spz/mL, and total sperm number was 3.15 ± 0.33, 3.55 ± 6 0.41 and 3.73 ± 0.48 × 10^9 spz, respectively, in which T1 and T3 group had significantly higher sperm concentration and number than those of T2 (P ＜ 0.05). There was no differences in the live sperms rate and normal morphology sperms rate among the groups. The semen volume in the T3 group was significantly (P ＜ 0.05) higher than that of the T2. In summary, feeding Muscovy breeders drakes with egg-laying diets lowered sperm concentration and total sperm number. Dietary supplementation of adding Rhizopus fermentation extract can increase the semen volume of Muscovy drakes after sexual maturity without affecting their semen concentration, total sperm count, live sperms rate and normal morphology sperms rate.

並列關鍵字

Muscovy drakes ； Calcium ； Rhizopus fermentation extracts ； Semen traits