《世界人权宣言》中儿童权利条款的来源与形成—关于起草史的回顾

The Source and Formation of Children's Rights Clauses in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights-A Review on the Drafting History

化国宇(Hua Guoyu)

《人权研究》 4期 (2021/03) Pp. 62-75

摘要

《世界人权宣言》中关于儿童权利的规定主要包括儿童受特殊照顾的权利、非婚生子女的平等权利以及儿童的受教育权。这些权利条款在形成的过程中，考虑了各国政治、经济和文化背景的差异，其措辞也是经过无数次修改才最终确立。在儿童权利确立的过程中，拉丁美洲国家的宪法规范及其建议草案是重要的参考，在世界政治舞台的边缘地位并未影响这些国家在《世界人权宣言》的起草中发挥积极而显著的作用。通过对《世界人权宣言》起草过程的回顾，我们能够对其中的相关表述和措辞有更为清晰的认识，从而能够更好地理解儿童权利的内涵。

關鍵字

联合国 ； 儿童权利 ； 世界人权宣言 ； 起草史

並列摘要

The provisions on children's rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights mainly include the right of children to receive special care, the equal rights of children born out of wedlock, and the right of children to education. In the process of forming these rights clauses, the differences in the political, economic and cultural backgrounds of various countries were taken into consideration, and their wording was finally established after numerous revisions. The constitutional norms of Latin American countries and their draft recommendations were important references in the process of establishing children's rights. Their marginal status on the world political arena did not prevent these countries from playing an active and prominent role in drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. By reviewing the drafting process of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, we can have a clearer understanding of the relevant expressions and wording, and thus can better understand the connotation of children's rights.

並列關鍵字

United Nations ； children's rights ； Universal Declaration of Human Rights ； the history of drafting