國際文化教育交流政策的形成與實踐

＂To shape international educational or cultural exchange policyand its practices＂

程其偉(Chiwei CHENG)

《真理財經法學》 9期 (2012/09) Pp. 35-68

摘要

我們推行國際文化教育交流政策，應該掌握兩個方向：其一、向世界展示台灣是一個文化國，其二、介紹別人的文化給自己同胞。在心理上，秉持兩個態度，第一、打破傲慢（pride）與偏見（prejudice），第二、尊敬別人的文化；蓋世界各地文化總有其特殊性與差異性，我們不但沐浴膏澤多采多姿的自我文化，也有機會接觸落葉繽紛的大千世界。如今，地球村的來臨，國際間文化交流方興未艾，世人渴望和平繁榮的生活，高科技在大眾傳播暨交通領域發達，促進全球人類交流空前頻繁；全世界的國際組織，其宗旨:有政治性、有經濟性、也有文化教育性，各國的文化教育政策亦各具特色，聯合國國際教科文組織與世界近2千個非政府文教組織交流，台灣也可以順勢與全球的非政府文化組織交流，可見廣闊天地大有作為。然而接觸的時機，總有推拒感覺，如何在與外來文化「偶遇」之際，興動心忍性之念頭，常在一念之間同化他人或被同化矣，須知，我們欣嘗享受他國文化，也應讓全世界看到如彩虹般燦爛的臺灣文化。

關鍵字

文化 ； 文明 ； 教育 ； 認同 ； 同質化 ； 同化 ； 美國英文

並列摘要

The ＂Global Village＂ era brings us a brilliant life. We appreciate advanced technology in the fields of communication and transportation. We enjoy the colorful varieties of this world and there are many ways to encourage people to admire and enjoy one another. Everybody has their own character and everywhere and every time has its own situations, the pride and bias of nations forming the different cultures. In the past, people have always tried to influence others by force, but nowadays, mankind prefers to pursue influence by more peaceful methods. International organizations and individual countries endeavor to develop mutual understandings among themselves and the world's regions. To shape international policies through laws and regulations might be a special remedy. We learn from the UN-Charter, the EU-Law or the Arab League-Law that, in accordance with the ideas inherent in these organizations, hundreds of thousands of successful institutes or associations have been established and are doing well. For example; traditional heritage, euranet, intellectual property rights, environment protection, and human rights. Education can make us more clever, store our memories, and develop a higher moral sense. Nevertheless, there are a lot of political ideologies, religions, races, ways of lives and also a lot of educational different. The U.S.A. estimates the tuition fee with the cost of living, which for foreign students in higher education is the third highest budget under the service sector. According to statistics on education expenditures, Timor-Leste spends over 16.8% of its GDP on education; this is the highest proportion in the world. Language has always been a very import element of culture, as seen, during the period of the Roman Empire when, Latin became the language of the civilized world, Butby A.D. 476, the empire had collapsed, with the consequential decline in the influence of Latin, as a world language. Today Latin is still used but only for technical terms in the fields of law, philosophy, science and medicine. Without a doubt, the hegemony of America, and American culture, is dominating the world. There are ca.1.8 billion people who are native English speakers and who use English for business, international communication, and high technology. There are also an estimated 570 million internet users and thus an overwhelming, majority of Anglicisms continuously appear. Furthermore, we can learn everything instantly and without borders, perhaps, the traditional educational methods are useful, no more and international educational and cultural exchange is in vain. The conflicts between Monoculturalism and Multiculturalism needs a great deal of work. The way from identity via convergence to assimilation costs time and has a high price. I doubt, whether it is catastrophe, or is it easy to control this world? In my very personal opinion, the world should not change to a monoculture, I prefer the present performance, which is like Sisyphus from Greek mythology. Sisyphus was a king who was compelled to roll an immense boulder up a hill, only to watch it roll back down, and to repeat this action forever.

並列關鍵字

culture ； education ； hegemony ； convergence ； identity ； Anglicisms