防疫措施與人權保障

2019年末，嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎（COVID19）在中國湖北省武漢市爆發，其後向全球擴散，目前已經波及全球地區，至今仍未結束，病毒並再產生變種如巴西、英國、印度Delta、秘魯Lambda等病毒，以及最新變種AY.4.2，傳播力與致死率不段攀升，導致全球死亡人數遽增，迄至目前為止疫情尚未結束。為因應此疫情，我國制定通過了嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎防治及紓困振興特別條例以為因應。該條例於110年5月31日再修正與公布；該條例屬緊急性的臨時條例，但疫情卻未見終止，是否仍容許該條例繼續存在，或具應與傳染病防治法合併，回歸正軌。本條例第7條規定不夠明確，缺乏法律明確性之要求；第8條有關資料傳遞法律規定也不明確，導致衛福部以及其他機關之濫用情形，值得討論。另外，本條例之適用缺乏監督機關，雖本條例第18條規定，每三個月行政院有向立法院提出書面報告，但並無實質監督機制。

關鍵字

嚴重肺炎防治特別條例；疫情需要；人權；應變處置；緊急處分權

並列摘要

At the end of 2019, the severe special infectious pneumonia (COVID19) disease broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. It has now spread to the world and has not ended. The virus has also reproduced variants such as Brazil, the United Kingdom, Delta and India. Viruses such as Peru's Lambda, as well as the latest variant AY.4.2, have seen a rapid increase in transmission and mortality, leading to a rapid increase in the number of deaths worldwide. The epidemic has not ended so far. In response to this epidemic, China has formulated and passed special regulations on the prevention and treatment of severe and special infectious pneumonia and the revitalization of relief. The regulation was amended and promulgated on May 31, 110. The regulation is an emergency provisional regulation, but the epidemic situation has not ended. Is it permissible that this regulation must exist? Should it be merged with the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Law to get back on track? The provisions of Article 7 of this Regulation are clear and lack the requirements of legal clarity; Article 8 of the legal provisions on data transmission is also unclear, leading to abuse by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and other agencies, which is worth discussing. In addition, the application of this Regulation lacks a supervisory authority. Only Article 18 of this Regulation provides that the Executive Yuan submits a written report to the Legislative Yuan every three months, and there is no substantive supervisory mechanism.

並列關鍵字

Special Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Severe Pneumonia ； Epidemic Needs ； Human Rights ； Emergency Response ； Power of Emergency Action

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