近代漢語話題標記“不在話下”的語用功能及發展演變研究

A Study on the Pragmatic Function and Development of the Neoteric Chinese Topic Marker ＂bu zai hua xia＂

盧惠惠(Huihui Lu)

《中國語文通訊》 101卷1期 (2022/01) Pp. 19-31

https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202201_101(1).0002

摘要

文章主要對近代漢語講說體語篇中的話題標記“不在話下”進行了研究，認為其基礎語義為“停止講說某一話題”，語用功能為標記某一話題的終結，表達了說者的身份以及對該話題採取的“微不足道、不值一提”主觀態度，體現了說者對聽者理解活動的關照。文章還研究了“不在話下”的發展演變，認為明清以來，出現在對象語言中的“不在話下”發生了主觀化，語義引申為“事情輕微，不值得一提”和“不成問題”。現代漢語中，話題標記“不在話下”已消亡，而成語“不在話下”還活躍在各種語體語篇中。

關鍵字

話題標記 ； 語用功能 ； 主觀化

並列摘要

This paper focuses on the topic marker ＂bu zai hua xia＂ in old Mandarin Vernacular literature discourse, whose basic semantic meaning is ＂to stop talking about a topic＂ and pragmatic function is to mark the end of a topic, expressing the speaker's identity and subjective attitude toward the topic. It expresses the speaker's identity and subjective attitude toward the topic as ＂insignificant and not worth mentioning＂, reflecting the speaker's care for the listener's comprehension activity. The article also examines the development and evolution of ＂bu zai hua xia＂, arguing that since the Ming and Qing dynasties, ＂bu zai hua xia＂ has been subjectivized in the language of the subject, with the semantics derived as ＂things are trivial and not worth mentioning＂ and ＂not a problem＂. In Modern Chinese, the topic marker ＂bu zai hua xia＂ has died out, while the idiom ＂bu zai hua xia＂ is still active in various discourses.

並列關鍵字

topic marker ； pragmatic functions ； subjectivize

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