从撙节机构名称及要旨的演变看基督教对中国近代道德的影响

The Influence of Christian on Modern Chinese Morals Viewed from the Evolution of the Name and Contents of Temperance Department

马光霞(Ma Guangxia)

《中国基督教研究》 5期 (2015/12) Pp. 80-88

https://doi.org/10.29635/JRCC.201512_(5).0007

摘要

美国监理会无论从派遣传教士的人数还是从差会本部的财政拨款来看，都远远算不上是一个实力超群的传教组织，但自1848年派传教士来华传教，至1939年并入卫理公会，在长达九十余年的时间里，监理会在中国逐步建立起庞大的教会事业和具有多重功能的基督教社区，通过与当地社会复杂的互动交往，形成了兼具近代性和地方性的鲜明特点，也在近代中国留下了深刻的印记。究其原因，近代中国社会的发展变化固然是影响监理会在华事业发展的直接因素，江南传统社会和新上海两大地方性元素实际为监理会在华事业提供了坚实的人力和物力支撑，监理会内部规范的管理制度也功不可没。如为约束其教会成员，为教会树立其良好形象，监理会不仅设有专人负责的撙节机构，而且每届年议会都有专门的撙节报单。从晚晴至民国，从内容到机构，都在不断推演，从而对中国传统道德的近代化起了一定的影响。

關鍵字

监理会 ； 撙节 ； 基督教 ； 道德

並列摘要

American Methodist Episcopal Church, South, which entered the field of China in 1848 and was united into Methodist Church in 1939, has built up huge church enterprises and multifunctional Christian community with modern and local features in the process of complicated and dynamic communication with local society, though it is not a big mission organization in terms of its missionaries and the financial allocation. The reasons are as follows: the development of modern Chinese society, two local factors from the traditional society in the south of Yangtze River and new Shanghai providing more local force between the worker and the finiance, and the important role played by the standard management system of it. As an example, in order to restrain church members' behavior, Methodist Episcopal Church South not only has a temperance department which was in the charge of an appointed person, but also has a special report about it at the Annual Conference. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Repbulic of China, this department has been envolving, so it has a certain impact on the modernization of Chinese traditional moral.

並列關鍵字

Methodist Episcopal Church South ； Temperance ； Christian Moral

參考文獻

Adrian A. Bennett, Missionary Journalist in China: Young J. Allen and His Magazines, (1868-1883), Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1983, pp.27-28

《中华监理公会第54届年议会记录》，1939年，第25-39页及统计表，上海档案馆藏，档号：U107-0-48。

Minutes of The Twelfth Annual Session of The China Mission Conference of The Methodist Episcopal Church, South Held at Shanghai, September22-27, 1897. Shanghai: Printed At The “Shanghai Mercury”Office, 1897.p. 30，上海档案馆藏，档号：U107-0-132-291。

Minutes of the Twelfth annual session of the China Mission Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South held at Shanghai , October20-25,1898. p.39，上海档案馆藏，档号：U107-0-132-291。

Minutes of the Twelfth annual session of the China Mission Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South held at Soochow, October 19-24, 1899. P.32. 上海档案馆藏，档号：U107-0-132-100。