试析基督教与近代海南黎苗聚居区社会文化变迁（1881－1937）

第二次鸦片战争后，琼州被开辟为通商口岸，此后来琼外国人日益增多，成为影响近代海南社会变迁的重要因素。1881年，第一名基督教（新教）传教士冶基善（Carl C. Jeremiassen）来到海南，基督教（新教）在琼传教事业由此开始。初期，传教士以人口集中的汉族聚居区为根据地开展传教事业，同时对海南内陆的黎苗族聚居区开展调查。随着影响力的日益扩大，传教士进而采取一系列的传教活动，将基督教传入海南的黎族、苗族聚居区。受其影响，海南黎族与苗族在宗教信仰、文化教育与医疗观念方面均发生了不同程度的变化。这种变化展现了异质文化影响下，黎、苗两族社会文化变迁的近代化趋向。

關鍵字

近代海南；基督教；黎苗聚居区；社会变迁

並列摘要

After the Second Opium War, Qiongzhou was opened as a trading port. Since then, the number of foreigners in Qiong has increased, which has become an important factor affecting the social changes in modern Hainan. In 1881, the first Protestant missionary, Carl C. Jeremiassen, came to Hainan, and the Protestant missionary career in Qiong began. In the early days, missionaries carried out missionary activities based on the densely populated areas of Han nationality, and at the same time carried out investigations on the inland areas of Li and Miao nationality in Hainan. With the increasing influence, the missionaries then adopted a series of missionary activities to introduce Christianity into the settlements of the Li and Miao nationalities in Hainan. Affected by this, the Hainan Li and Miao nationalities have undergone varying degrees of changes in religious beliefs, cultural education, and medical concepts. This change shows the modernization trend of the social and cultural changes of the Li and Miao ethnic groups under the influence of heterogeneous culture.