Negative Impacts of Globalization on Society and State

Heng Siam-Heng

《Southeast Asian Social Science Review》 1卷1期 (2016/11) Pp. 93-119

https://doi.org/10.29945/SEASSR.201611_1(1).0005

摘要

Since the end of Second World War, the world has undergone profound cultural, economic, social and political changes with the ascent of free market forces being a central feature shaping all aspects of life. The end of the Cold War brought into sharp relief these changes which are captured in the term ＂globalization＂. Though globalization has provided opportunities for individuals, business firms and countries, it has its dark sides such as the 2008 financial crisis in the realm of finance and economy, and the 9/11 terrorist attack in the realm of politics. Political philosopher Michael Sandel discusses the 2008 crisis using the concept ＂market society＂ and political scientist Philip Bobbitt uses the concept ＂market state＂ to discuss 9/11. These concepts share some features of what sociologist Michael Burawoy describes as the third wave of marketization. The state has failed to build institutions and carry out policies to protect citizens against the onslaught of market forces. The situation calls for global consciousness, renewed commitment to social justice, imaginative response, courageous leadership, and reinvigorated political activism for citizens to pressure their governments to rebuild the state in order to defend their rights in the face of globalization.

關鍵字

Globalization ； third wave of marketization ； state ； financial crisis ； 9/11 ； new world order