山坡地開發類型對逕流量之影響探討

Effect of Developed Types to Runoff on Slopeland

黃宏斌(HUNG-PIN HUANG)

《台灣水利》 47卷2期 (1999/06) Pp. 13-19

摘要

由於不當之土地開發型態會產生大量逕流量，危及居民之生命財產安全。爲瞭解不同開發類型對逕流量之影響，本研究以人工材料利用水槽試驗求取不同開發類型之粗糙係數值，再代入HEC-1水文模式求得其出流歷線並得到：在求取複合粗糙係數值時，其有效水深可採用加權方式計算。當兩種單一土地利用型態組合時，其粗糙係數約等於糙度高之單一土地利用之粗糙係數值。以運動波法演算集水區之逕流歷線時，若CN值相同時，粗糙係數值之影響不顯著。如果要維持現有之尖峰流量值，則青礐溪集水區林地和建地之比例宜在0.7：0.3以上。

關鍵字

開發型態 ； 逕流量 ； 水槽試驗

並列摘要

Inconveniently developed types on slopeland would result in large runoff and threaten human lives and possession. In order to explore the effect of different developed types to runoff on slopeland, this study used modeled material to simulate roughness coefficient for different developed types by flume experiment. And, HEC-1 hydrological model was operated to get outflow hydrograph as well as the following results: For getting composite roughness coefficient, the available water depth would be calculated by means of weight method. When two more landuse types existed, the value of composite roughness coefficient would be equal to the higher one, more or less. When kinematic wave method was used to calculate runoff hydrograph, the effect of roughness was not significant with the same CN value. In order to maintain the same value of peak outflow, the ratio of forest to construction area would be higher than 0.7:0.3 for Ching-chueh watershed.

並列關鍵字

Developed type ； Runoff ； Flume experiment