臺灣地區山坡地滯留池容量計算方法之比較研究

滯留池之功能主要在於降低洪峰流量，使得其排放量小於法令所規定者或下游河渠所容許之排水量，倘滯留池之容量設置不足時，則其降低洪峰流量之功能將無法完全達成。由於滯留池容量求算之方法有許多種，不同之方法因其理論及假設條件之差異，其求算之容量相差甚鉅。因此本文研究之目的卽在探討目前國內有關單位所選用之不同滯留池容量計算方法，如三角形歷線法、三角形單位歷線法和角屋式法，以及近年來國內民間所使用之設計雨型法，比較各方法計算結果之差異。本文中除個別說明各方法之理論依據及假設條件外，並擧一實例而以相同之基本資料分別以各方法計算其結果，而其中三角形單位歷線法及設計雨型法並以1至10倍集流時間之不同降雨延時分別求算。本文最後將各結果綜合予以討論後，並建議其中最適宜之計算方法，可供作滯留池容量計算方法選擇之參考。

關鍵字

滯留池；集流時間；洪峰流量

並列摘要

The main purpose of a detention pond is to reduce the peakflow and thus ensure that the flow does not exceed the permitted basin discharge. There are several methods to estimate the required volume of a detention pond. However, due to the differences in the physical concepts and assumptions of these methods, the results vary vastly. This study investigates those methods that are commonly used by government agencies. These methods include the Triangular Hydrograph, the combination of a Triangular Unit Hydrograph and the Kadoya approach, and the Design Hyetograph. In this paper, the theoretical bases of these methods are addressed, and a case study is provided for the comparison among the methods. In particular, the duration of the rainfall is set to equal one to ten times the time of concentration, and the required volumes evaluated by applying the Triangular Unit Hydrograph and by applying the Design Hyetograph are compared. A comparison of the results shows that the Design Hyetograph is adequate for design purposes. Furthermore, it is found that the duration of the rainfall is an important factor affecting the peaklow. Thus it should be considered in the evaluation process.

並列關鍵字

Detention pound ； Time of concentration ； Peakflow

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