旅遊鄉村在地居民地方感研究評述

隨著鄉村旅遊的快速發展，鄉村旅遊的研究主要集中於鄉村旅遊市場、經營、管理等三大方面。地方感是人與地方相互作用由地方所產生與人賦予的一種經驗，但居民在鄉村旅遊的研究中一直未進入鄉村旅遊的研究核心。西方鄉村旅遊多以自然風光為主體，與國內的鄉村旅遊以人文環境為主有所差異，借鑒較為困難，因此本研究對以旅遊鄉村居民為研究物件的兩岸的相關研究文獻進行回顧，從研究理論、研究方法等方面對兩岸研究進行對比分析，本研究通過對兩岸常用的中文電子資料庫進行文獻檢索，經內容分析後共收納28篇文獻進行檢視。研究顯示：（1）目前兩岸地方感影響因素的重點放在環境因素和社會因素，需對個人的日常生活所產生的地方感進行深入討論；（2）研究理論基礎基本上多以環境心理學和社會心理學爲主，僅有的一篇以人本主義地理學作理論依據，且研究方法多以量化研究為主，缺少人文關注，可多從人文主義理論來關注居民的地方感；（3）因西方鄉村旅遊的自然風光體驗與國內的人文環境為主有所差異，研究文化旅游但理論模型仍套用西方研究者理論模型造成某些的不適用，發掘適用自己的理論模型顯得尤爲重要。（4）雖未對檢索文獻年限進行限制，但發現兩岸鄉村旅遊居民研究起步較晚且文獻大量集中出現在近兩年，研究的重點也多從環境對人的影響來論述，人對環境的影響關注較少。旅遊鄉村居民作為當地地方感的主體，對當地居民的研究有利與促進鄉村旅遊的發展。未來研究建議著重旅遊鄉村居民的日常生活研究，並注重探索主觀情感與日常生活環境的聯繫。

關鍵字

地方感；居民地方感；旅遊鄉村；系統性回顧

並列摘要

With the rapid development of rural tourism, research on rural tourism has focused on three main aspects of rural tourism: marketing, operation and management. A sense of place is an experience generated by the interaction between people and places and given by people, but residents have not been at the heart of the research on rural tourism. This study reviews relevant research literature from both sides of the Taiwan Strait that focuses on the residents of tourism villages, and compares and contrasts the research on both sides in terms of research theory and methodology. A total of 28 articles were included for further review after content analysis. The results of this study show that: (1) the current emphasis on environmental and social factors in the influence of sense of place on both sides of the Taiwan Strait requires in-depth discussion on the sense of place generated by individuals' daily lives; (2) the theoretical basis of the study is basically based on environmental psychology and social psychology, with only one article based on humanistic geography, and the research method is mostly quantitative, lacking humanistic concerns. (3) As the natural experience of rural tourism in the West is different from the humanistic environment in China, the theoretical model is still applied to the theoretical model of Western researchers, resulting in some inappropriateness, and it is particularly important to find a theoretical model that is applicable to oneself. (4) Although there is no restriction on the number of years of literature retrieved, it is found that research on rural tourism residents on both sides of the Taiwan Strait started late and a large amount of literature has been concentrated in the last two years, and the focus of research is mostly on the influence of the environment on people, with less attention paid to the influence of people on the environment. As the residents of tourist villages are the mainstay of the local sense of place, research on the local residents is beneficial to the development of rural tourism. Future research is recommended to focus on the daily lives of the residents of tourist villages and to explore the links between subjective emotions and the daily environment.

並列關鍵字

Sense of Place ； Residents' Sense of Place ； Tourism Village ； Systematic Review

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