領導風格與成員人格特質之互動過程與績效之研究－以資訊系統開發專案觀點

本研究針對軟體專案經理及專案團隊成員進行問卷調查，探討專案經理領導風格搭配不同的專案團隊人格特質，對於團隊互動過程的影響及與團隊績效之關聯性，並就調查結果與專案管理領域專家進行訪談，探討資訊系統開發專案團隊成員組成對於團隊績效達成的最佳方式。本研究主要研究目的包括：（一）探討專案團隊人格特質與團隊效能之關係。（二）探討領導風格對團隊人格特質與團隊互動間是否具有調節效果。（三）探討團隊互動過程與團隊效能之關係。經問卷分析結果後發現，團隊人格特質對團隊效能有顯著影響；團隊互動過程中溝通與任務衝突對團隊效能有正向影響；關係衝突與流程衝突對團隊效能有負向影響，而任務衝突若處理不當，有可能增加流程衝突，進而影響團隊效能，專案經理領導風格在不同的團隊人格特質中，對團隊互動的調節效果不一，情緒性較高之團隊，其團隊互動之負向效果最為顯著，但也最容易經領導行為調節後，增加團隊互動；外向性較高之團隊，因其次構面含有領導性特質，因此也較不易經由領導行為調節；而開放性較高之團隊較適合由轉換型領導者來帶領。本研究建議專案經理面對不同人格特質之專案團隊時，可應用不同領導風格以促進團隊溝通並減少衝突，以增加團隊績效。企業對資訊系統開發專案團隊組成之人力資源調派，除考量資源應有技能及專案時程外，若能進一步考量團隊人格特質與專案經理領導風格的搭配問題，並加強「衝突管理」及成員的溝通訓練，將更能創造團隊績效。

關鍵字

領導風格；團隊人格特質；團隊互動；衝突；溝通；團隊績效

並列摘要

This study conducted a questionnaire survey for the software project manager and project team members to explore the leadership style of project manager and team personality traits, the process of team interaction and team performance of relevance. Interviews with experts in the field of project management to explore the best way to achieve performance, while developing the information systems project based on the research findings. In this study, some main purposes are as following: (1) Exploring the relationship of the leadership style of project managers and Team Personality Traits (2) Exploring the process of team interaction (communication, conflict) with the ad hoc relationship between team performances. (3) Exploring the leadership style of project managers and members of the ad hoc combination of personality traits for team interaction (communication, conflict) with the ad hoc relationship between team performances. The results of analysis found that team personality traits have a significant impact on team efficiency; team communication and interaction for the task conflict have a positive impact on team efficiency; the relationship conflict and process conflict have a negative impact on team efficiency. While the task conflict if not handled properly, process conflict is likely to be increased, thereby affecting team performance. Project manager leadership style in different team personality traits and the team interaction of regulation come out with different results. For the higher emotional team, the team of the negative interaction the most significant effect, but also the most easily fine-tuned and to increase team interaction; for the higher extraversion team, containing the potential characteristics of leadership and, therefore, less effects by regulation through the leadership; and for the openness team, the result of this study shows that the team is more suitable for their transformational leadership.

並列關鍵字

Leadership Style ； Team Personality ； Team Interaction ； Conflict ； Communication ； Team Efficacy

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