论《红楼梦》中“才”与“德”的对立与合一──以林黛玉与薛宝钗为中心

The Polarization and Unification of "Talents" and "Virtue" in The Dream of the Red Chamber: Critical Studies on Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai

江剑聪(Kang Kim Chung)

《韓江學報》 9期 (2017/05) Pp. 89-105

摘要

明清社会在标榜“女子无才便是德”的观念底下，“才”和“德”是一对关系密切而又矛盾存在的范畴，而《红楼梦》亦反映了此两者的错综复杂关系。本文即以林黛玉与薛宝钗为中心，探讨曹雪芹如何透过文学之笔来处理“才”与“德”之间的关系，探讨其如何从扞格不入的二元对立走向合一，并延伸及清代社会的女性於此两者的抉择和产生的结果。而经研究发现，其实所谓意义上的合一，不过是“才”收归於“德”，这是明清女子长期生活在“才德相仿”的父权体系观念底下所必然产生的结果。

關鍵字

《红楼梦》 ； 钗黛合一 ； 曹雪芹 ； 才 ； 德

並列摘要

"A woman who lacks talent is virtuous". Women were flaunted by this saying during the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. Regardless of the contradiction between "talent" and "virtue", both of these elements have a close relationship with each other. One of the well known Chinese literature, "The Dream of the Red Chamber" portrayed the complicated relationships between "talent" and "virtue". This study discussed how Cao Xueqin, the author, illustrated this complicated relationship through the perspective of literature. This study also discussed how both of these polarized elements became unified as well as investigated on its effects on women in society during the Qing Dynasty in choosing between being talented or virtuous.

並列關鍵字

The Dream of the Red Chamber ； unification of the characteristics of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu ； Cao Xueqin ； talents ； virtuous