應用超音波量測三層材料系統內含薄層固體或液體在不同環境下的特性研究

Study of Ultrasound Application on Thin Solid Layer or Liquid Layer in the Triple-layer Material System under Different Environmental Conditions

黃思堯(Siyao Huang)

指導教授 ： 馬劍清

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00027

摘要

非破壞檢測技術的發展促使系統設備得以提高使用壽命並且保障產品的安全可靠，因此在工業上，非破壞檢測的應用範圍及重要性與日俱增。超音波具有穿透力強、對材料與人體無損害與準確度高等特色，在非破壞檢測技術中佔有重要的地位。超音波除了傳統上用於檢測各種缺陷外，透過量測材料的縱波與橫波波速，可推算各種材料的重要材料常數。

本文利用超音波探傷儀輕便攜帶與操作簡易的特性以量測材料性質。應用超音波探傷儀器配合振幅頻譜法，量測薄層材料的縱波與橫波波速，以計算出薄層固體的材料常數與液體的黏度，並在相同材料而不同尺寸的條件下量測黏度的穩定性。藉由量測黏度隨溫度與濃度變化的情形，了解溫度或濃度與黏度之間的關係。文中並針對血液黏度作初步的量測，透過檢測人體血液黏度的差異以推斷該病患的生理狀況，可視為初步醫療診斷的參考依據。另一感興趣的研究為膠體黏度的量測。相較於固體與液體，黏著劑是一種由液態轉變為固態的物質，藉由超音波量測薄層固體與液體的實驗基礎，可量測黏著劑在不同狀況下的相變過程中之波速與黏度變化情形。針對接合面的膠結狀態，由超音波檢測黏結層的剝離現象與脫層的程度，評估黏著劑的耐用程度，並分析黏著劑使用數量與外在尺寸環境的搭配條件。

關鍵字

超音波 ； 黏度 ； 振幅 ； 波速 ； 頻譜 ； 薄層液體 ； 薄層固體

並列摘要

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is applied widely in the industry due to its benefits, which prolongs the life of equipment and endures products. Ultrasonic testing, a technique of NDT, uses ultrasound to produce powerful penetration, low damage and high accuracy on experimental measurement. It becomes the major measurement technique in NDT applications. Ultrasound traditionally not only detect flaws in solids but also determine material properties by measuring velocities of longitudinal waves and shear waves which is easier than that obtained from tensile testing.

In this paper, we employ the ultrasonic flaw detector to evaluate material properties using the amplitude spectrum method. The material constants of thin solid layer, the viscosity of thin liquid layer and the stability of viscosity in liquid are investigated in detail. Through measurements of viscosity changing with temperature or concentration, the relationships between viscosity and temperature as well as viscosity and concentration are established. In addition, the measurements of viscosity of human blood can provide us the information of preliminary estimation for diagnosis. The other research interest indicated in this paper is the measurements during solidification in adhesives. We measure wave velocities and viscosities of adhesives to determine the condition of the layer separations. According to our results, we can estimate the tolerance of adhesive in the bonded joints by analyzing the size and quantity of adhesive.

並列關鍵字

frequency spectrum ； wave velocity ； amplititude ； ultrasound ； thin liquid layer ； viscosity ； thin solid layer

參考文獻

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