電力系統頻率響應特性之研究

Research on Frequency Response Characteristic in Power System

胡玲潔(Ling-Jie Hu)

指導教授 ： 劉志文

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201802368

摘要

電力系統頻率,即系統內同步發電機繞組中產生的交變電勢的頻率,是表徵電力品質的三大指標之一。頻率反映了系統中發電有功功率和負載需求（包括有功損耗）間的平衡情況，為了保證頻率穩定,必須相應調整機組的有功出力,使其隨時滿足負載需求的變化。一般而言,根據系統發電與負載不平衡量的變化範圍及波動時間尺度的不同, 电力系统频率調節通常可分為一次頻率調節、二次頻率調節（又稱自動發電控制）以及三次頻率調節。
論文首先介紹了電力系统一次調頻、二次調頻的基本原理，並引出互聯電力系統中比較重要的參數-頻率響應特性係數的相關內容，再配以自動發電控制中頻率偏差係數如何設定的內容講解了頻率響應特性係數的重要性。
另外，本文探討了一次調頻與二次調頻下的頻率特性響應係數的在線估計演算法，藉由MATLAB/SIMULINK模擬結果觀察在線估計演算法的精確性。

關鍵字

互聯電力系統 ； 自動發電控制 ； 頻率響應特性係數 ； 頻率偏差係數 ； 估計演算法

並列摘要

The power system fundamental frequency, is one of the three indicators of evaluating power quality. The frequency reflects the balance between active power of generation and load requirement (including the active loss). In order to ensure the frequency stability, the active power output of generating unit must be regulated correspondingly for satisfying the change of load requirement at any time. In general, frequency regulation of power system is separated into three categories including primary frequency regulation, secondary frequency regulation (Automatic Generation Control, AGC) and third frequency regulation. This research introduces the basic principles of primary and secondary frequency regulations, and the more important parameter in interconnected power system: frequency response characteristic coefficients are proposed. Importance of frequency response characteristic is explained by setting the frequency bias coefficients in the AGC. In addition, this research develops an online estimation algorithm considering frequency response characteristic of primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation, and evaluated the precision of this algorithm results applying the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation software.

並列關鍵字

Interconnected power system ； automatic generation control ； frequency response characteristic ； frequency bias coefficient ； estimation algorithm

參考文獻

[1] 刘维烈,『电力系统调频与自动发电控制』 ,北京: 中国电力出版社,2006.

[2] 陈珩, 『电力系统稳态分析』 , 水力電力出版社 ,1995.

[3] L.-R. Chang-Chien, N.-B. Hoonchareon, C.-M. Ong, and R.- A. Kramer, “Estimation of β for Adaptive Frequency Bias Setting in Load Frequency Control,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 904-911, May 2003.

[4] L.-R. Chang-Chien, Y.-J. Lin, and C.-C. Wu, “An Online Approach to Allocate Operating Reserve for an Isolated Power System,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 1314-1321, August 2007.

[5] T. Kennedy, S.M. Hoyt, and C.F. Abell, “Variable, non-linear tie-line frequency bias for interconnected system control,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1244-1253, August 1988.