建構我國獨立鑑識機關

To Establish an Independent Agency of Forensic Science in Taiwan

洪郁雅(Yu-Ya Hung)

指導教授 ： 王兆鵬

國立臺灣大學/法律學院/科際整合法律學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.00129

摘要

錯誤的司法科學可能成為冤錯案件最致命的元兇，如何能提升司法科學的品質，矯正鑑定報告的準確性；從我國的鑑識體制現況談起，藉由美國無辜者計畫對冤錯案件的救援與研究，說明司法科學不僅非真理，更可能是最危險的劊子手，喚醒國人對鑑識體制改革的重視。
而獨立鑑識機關的設立，即欲以完整的鑑識機關來充分改善國內目前司法科學環境，削弱社會大眾普遍對各鑑識實驗室的不信任，降低各鑑識實驗室可能受偵查機關潛在影響的風險，並訂立完善的鑑識守則以強化我國現有的司法科學技術，方能達致社會對於科學與司法間交互運用的期望，回復司法科學既有的公信力，以真正落實維護公益之目的。
具體而言，為避免立即的體制改革對社會帶來過鉅的衝擊，透過雙軌制逐步邁向單軌制的方式為獨立鑑識機關的運作程序，並搭配複審與覆審制度作為監督機制，企圖使鑑定人員得在充分且完善的司法科學環境下實驗，更可專心致志其研究而提高國內整體鑑識技術之水平。最後，獨立鑑識機關對我國鑑識體制的改善是必要的存在，但設立時仍有許多需要長期規劃與檢討的要點，並非一蹴可幾即能達成。

關鍵字

獨立鑑識機關 ； 司法科學 ； 刑事鑑識 ； 機關鑑定 ； 鑑識實驗室 ； 冤錯案件 ； 無辜者計畫

並列摘要

The erroneous forensic science may be the most harmful cause to the wrongful convictions. What could we do to promote the quality of forensic science, and to correct the credibility of the forensic investigated reports? In this thesis, it will first mention the system of forensic science in Taiwan. Then through introducing the study of the Innocence Project in the United States, which shows us that forensic science may not only be misleading but could also be the most dangerous killer. The Final is to arouse the awareness on the revolution of the system.
The goals to establish an independent agency of forensic science are to improve the environment of forensic science in our country, to reduce citizens’ distrust in crime labs and to reduce influences that crime labs may get from the detective department. In order to regain the reliability of forensic science and to bring justice to the public, the agency will set principles of forensic science to strengthen our technological skills.
To be more specific, to avoid the severe shock that the abrupt revolution might bring to the society, it is better to gradually move the independent agency from two tracks to one track along with complete supervision. By doing this, scientists will be able to work under a more well-equipped environment and to concentrate on their experiments which will elevate our forensic quality. Although there are still many problems waiting to be solved when setting the agency, the establishment of the independent agency of forensic science is essential to Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

the independent agency of forensic Science ； forensic science ； the crime lab ； expert witness ； wrongful conviction ； the Innocence Project

參考文獻

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