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  • 學位論文

臺中市空氣污染與林佳龍獲票率之關係

The Relationship Between Air Pollution in Taichung City and Vote Rate of Lin Chia-Lung

指導教授 : 鄧志松
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摘要


林佳龍在2018年臺中市長選舉敗選後的臉書直播中,直言連任之路受空氣污染所累,而本研究目的即在驗證臺中市的空污狀況,是否與林佳龍的支持度有關,並且重新檢視臺中市升格後的空氣污染變化情形。 在臺中市的空污變化趨勢上,研究發現自2010年升格直轄市以來,即時空氣品質指標不良的時間與細懸浮微粒的污染程度確實都有改善,但後者在污染濃度較高的時段仍嚴重超標,有賴更積極的措施持續改善。 而在空氣污染對林佳龍支持度影響的驗證上,本研究藉由環境識覺、後物質主義價值、選舉課責等概念,建構了選民對空氣污染識覺及課責的機制,並以空間分析方法進行驗證。研究發現,考量派系影響力與空氣污染交互作用,且派系影響力未介入前,選舉當年度即時空品良率越高、極端空污優良度越佳,以及林佳龍市長內極端空污改善率越高的區域,林佳龍支持度越高,選票流失越少。然而,當派系影響力介入並超過臨界的程度後,因其影響了選民空氣污染識覺與評價的過程,干擾了空氣污染影響選票的機制,使得空污改善較多的區域,林佳龍反支持度越低,選票流失票越多。此結果與文獻中的敘述相契合,受派系影響的選民進行投票決策時,確實可能較倚賴政黨傾向與社會網絡。 本研究同時也發現,經社背景、地區屬性與空污識覺度對林佳龍的支持度也都有顯著影響,其中更以期初值影響程度最大,印證了2018年的「選舉大環境」,是造成林佳龍整體獲票率下滑的關鍵因素之一。

並列摘要


This study is to verify whether the air pollution level in Taichung City is related to the percentage of votes lost of Lin Chia-Lung, and to review how the air pollution level changes in Taichung City since 2010. And the research has several results. First, data of air pollution revealed that the level of real-time Air Quality Index (AQI) and PM2.5 did improve in Taichung City during 2010~2018 period. But the level of PM2.5 still seriously exceeded the standard during the high pollution level period. Secondly, the percentage of votes lost of Lin Chia-Lung did correlate with the level of air pollution in Taichung City, especially when the influence of regional factions was withdrawn. Borrowing concepts of environmental awareness, post materialism value, and electoral accountability, this study constructed the mechanism how real world air pollution level affected votes, and validates it with spatial analysis method. Results showed that when considering the interaction of factional influence and air pollution level, Lin did lose less votes in regions with shorter bad real-time AQI level in 2018, batter extreme PM2.5 level in 2018, and batter improve rate of extreme PM2.5 level during Lin's first term. However, when the factional influence involved and exceeded certain level, the mechanism of air pollution level affecting votes was disturbed, and Lin lost more votes in regions with more improved air pollution level in this situation. The reason might be that the factional influence affected the process of voters' air pollution perception and voting decision. This result was in line with findings in factional research literatures that voters affected heavily by factions relied more on party identification and social networks in their voting decisions. Finally, this study also found that factors like economic background, regional attributes, and air pollution perception differences also had a significant impact on the votes lost of Lin. Amount them, the initial value (percentage of votes obtained by Lin in 2014) had the greatest impact. This implies that one of the key factor of Lin's defeat was the “unfavourable overall situation” in the 2018 nine-in-one elections.

參考文獻


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