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  • 學位論文

大陸配偶家庭養育自閉症子女的照顧經驗之探討

The Care-Giving Experience of The Family of Mainland Spouses with Autistic Children

指導教授 : 沈瓊桃
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摘要


近年來,我國外籍配偶及新台灣之子的現象趨近普遍。在外籍配偶當中,大陸配偶與其他來自東南亞國家的外籍配偶相較之下,看似與台灣的文化背景較相近,但事實上她們在生活上也面臨一些適應問題,尤其對於照顧自閉症子女的大陸配偶來說,生活更是充滿挑戰。   本研究旨在探討大陸配偶家庭中的大陸籍母親及台籍父親在養育自閉症子女的過程中之照顧經驗。研究透過質性研究中半結構式深入訪談的方式,以三對來自同一個家庭且養育自閉症子女的大陸籍母親及其台籍配偶為研究對象,瞭解他們在照顧自閉症子女的過程中所承受的負荷壓力及所獲得的支持來源。   本研究發現,在養育自閉症子女的大陸配偶家庭中,父親因忙於負責家庭的經濟,無法全心投入照顧子女的工作,大陸籍母親因而成為自閉症孩子的主要照顧者。如此長時間照顧自閉症孩子,對大陸籍母親造成心理上、生理上及社會上的壓力。在支持來源與類型的部分,大陸籍母親無論在正式支持系統-如專業人士、政府補助,或是非正式支持系統上-如個人資源、配偶、朋友、同住者,皆獲得不少支持。在正式支持系統中,三對父母一致認為就醫體系與政府補助有助於減輕經濟負擔;在非正式支持系統中,配偶成為夫妻雙方最重要的支持來源。另一方面,本研究發現,雖然大陸籍母親在台的資源較少,但她們在照顧自閉症孩子之後,會主動在台建立一個新的支持網絡。相較於原有較多資源的台灣籍父親,大陸籍母親的資源運用程度較高,從中發現大陸籍母親的「優勢」。   最後,依據研究結果與討論,建議(一)針對相關的資源做有效的整合,(二)定期為自閉症兒童之大陸籍照顧者提供喘息服務,(三)協助養育自閉症子女之大陸籍家庭成立自助團體或成長團體,(四)大力推廣自閉症相關的知識,以幫助養育自閉症子女的大陸配偶家庭,並且提高社會大眾對自閉症的認識。

並列摘要


Recently, the number of foreign spouses and “the new Taiwanese children” has gradually increased in Taiwan. Apparently, in contrast to the Southeast Asian foreign spouses, the Mainland spouses who have similar cultural background to Taiwanese still face adjustment problems. In these ethnics groups, the life of Mainland spouses who take care of their autistic children, is full of challenges.   The objective of this research is to better understand the experience of the Mainland spouses’ family who take care of their autistic children. To understand the care-giving burden and the social support of the Mainland spouses’ family, this research adopted the qualitative research method by semi-structured interview with three pairs of the Mainland spouses and her Taiwanese husbands.   The results showed that the Taiwanese father in the Mainland spouses’ family who had an autistic child is responsible for the family income. Therefore, the husbands are unable to devote themselves in the caring responsibility, and the Mainland spouses become the main caregivers of the autistic children. The Mainland spouses suffered from psychological burden, physiological burden, and social stress because of long-term caring. The sources of social support acquired by the Mainland spouses in formal supportive system include medical personnel, the teacher of the autistic children, and the government; and the informal supportive system include personal resources, husband, friends and family in Taiwan. In the formal support system, three parents who participate in this research believe that the government grants had contributed in reducing the economic burden. On the other hand, spouses’ support plays critical roles in the informal support system. Besides, this research found that, although the resources of the Mainland spouses are less than the Taiwanese father, they established support network of themselves while taking care of their autistic children. The strength of the Mainland spouses can be observed in this research.   Based on the results and discussion of this research, the author provided suggestions to improve current situations, include (1) integrating the relating resources, (2) providing respite services regularly, (3) establishing self-help association for the Mainland spouses’ family with autistic children, (4) promoting the related knowledge of autism, in order to assist the Mainland spouses’ family with autistic children.

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