台灣綠蜂膠萃取物對齲齒、牙周病及脂肪細胞分化之影響

Effects of Taiwanese Green Propolis extract on dental caries, periodontal disease, and adipocyte differentiation

吳沛洳(Pei-Ju Wu)

指導教授 ： 李伯訓

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/口腔生物科學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202000336

摘要

人類伴隨著科技發展使生活型態與飲食習慣改變，帶來許多對健康造成傷害的疾病，目前齲齒、牙周病與慢性代謝疾病是世界上常見的疾病，治療這些疾病之花費甚巨。隨著人們對身體健康的重視，要如何降低成本與有效預防和治療這些疾病是目前生物醫學界積極地想達成的目標。蜂膠(Propolis)在世界許多地區被證實具有相當多的生物活性且已被當傳統醫療藥物使用，台灣綠蜂膠(Taiwanese green propolis)除了是台灣特有種蜂膠更擁有抗微生物、抗發炎、抗氧化與抗腫瘤等多樣的生物活性，我們想利用擁有多種生物活性的台灣綠蜂膠及其蜂膠素來探討是否可以預防這些疾病的產生或抑制疾病的加劇。
探討台灣綠蜂膠萃取物之多樣的生物活性，實驗設計為利用最低抑菌濃度(MIC)與最低殺菌濃度(MBC)實驗得知蜂膠、蜂膠素及蜂膠素組合分別對會造成齲齒(Dental caries)之突變鏈球菌(S. mutans)與會造成牙周病(Periodontal disease)之牙齦卟啉單胞菌(P. gingivalis)和放線桿菌(A. actinomycetemcomitans)抗菌之活性效果;利用台灣綠蜂膠針對人類胚胎上顎間質細胞(HEPM)進行骨礦化的測定實驗;並模擬口腔實驗運用突變鏈球菌(S. mutans)與大腸桿菌(E. coli)對牛牙進行細菌貼附後，使用顯微鏡觀測與液態培養細菌，得知台灣綠蜂膠抗菌貼附的效果;最後利用台灣綠蜂膠刺激小鼠間質幹細胞(C3H)分化為脂肪細胞的影響。
實驗結果顯示，台灣綠蜂膠及巴西蜂膠對P. gingivalis、A. actinomycetemcomitans沒有抗菌效果，但台灣綠蜂膠對S. mutans有抗菌能力甚至優於巴西蜂膠，且個別蜂膠素(Propolins)與蜂膠素組合針對S. mutans都顯示良好的抗菌能力。而台灣綠蜂膠針對骨母細胞的礦化效果顯然不佳，但有抗齲齒細菌貼附的活性能力。此外，台灣綠蜂膠與蜂膠素都有促進對脂肪前身細胞分化為脂肪細胞的活性。
在本研究裡面，雖無法有效的治療牙周病菌與刺激骨頭礦化，但對齲齒與代謝疾病有一定的抑制效果，所以不可忽略台灣綠蜂膠的價值及其多種生物活性，或許在未來台灣綠蜂膠的應用是把台灣綠蜂膠、蜂膠素與蜂膠素組合當每日保健食品來預防疾病的發生，而已患有疾病的患者，除利用現今醫學治療與藥物控制外，亦可搭配台灣綠蜂膠來降低疾病惡化。

關鍵字

齲齒 ； 牙周病 ； 肥胖 ； 糖尿病 ； 台灣綠蜂膠 ； 蜂膠素

並列摘要

With the development of science and technology, the lifestyle and eating habits have changed. It has brought many diseases. At present, dental caries, periodontal disease and chronic metabolic diseases are common diseases in the world. The cost of treating these diseases is enormous. Now, people pay more attention to their health. How to reduce the costs of treating those diseases? How to effectively prevent these diseases coming? There are the goals that the biomedical researchers actively trying to achieve. Propolis has been reported that have considerable biological activities. It has been used as a traditional medical drug in the world. Taiwanese green propolis is not only unique but also have many biological activities, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor, etc. We want to use the considerable biological activities of Taiwanese green propolis and propolins to explore whether it can prevent these diseases or inhibit these diseases.
Exploring the diverse biological activities of Taiwanese green propolis extract. Using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) experiments to find out the results of antibacterial activity that propolis, propolins and the combination of propolins to resist S. mutans which causes dental caries and P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans which causes periodontal diseases. Taiwanese green propolis was used to measure bone mineralization of Human Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme cells (HEPM). Designing an oral pattern experiments to understand that S. mutans and E. coli attaching to the bovine teeth. Using the microscopic and liquid culture of the bacteria to obtain the antibacterial attaching effect of Taiwanese green propolis. Finally, Taiwanese green propolis was used to stimulate the differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (C3H) into adipocytes.
The experimental results show that Taiwanese green propolis and Brazilian propolis have no antibacterial effect on P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans, but Taiwanese green propolis has good antibacterial activity to S. mutans, more than Brazilian propolis. The individual propolins and the combination of propolins show good antibacterial ability to S. mutans. The mineralization effect of Taiwanese green propolis to HEPM is obviously not good. But Taiwanese green propolis has good activity ability for bacteria to avoid adhering to dental. In addition, Taiwanese green propolis and propolins can promote C3H cells differentiate into adipocytes.
In this study, even though it is not effective in the treatment of periodontal disease’s bacterial and the promotion of bone hyperplasia, it has a certain inhibitory effect on dental caries and metabolic diseases. Therefore, the value of Taiwanese green propolis and its diverse biological activities cannot be ignored. Perhaps the application of Taiwanese green propolis, propolins and the combination of propolins is as a daily health food to prevent the occurrence of diseases in the future. The patients who already have diseases, in addition to using current medical treatment and drug control, being treated with Taiwanese green propolis to reduce disease progression.

並列關鍵字

Dental caries ； Periodontal disease ； Obesity ； Diabetes ； Taiwanese green propolis ； Propolins

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