應用於天文接收機之寬頻差動低雜訊放大器與應用於第五代行動通訊之寬頻功率放大器設計

Design of Broadband Differential LNA for Radio Astronomy Receiver and Broadband PA for 5G Communication

范庭瑄(Ting-Hsuan Fan)

指導教授 ： 王暉

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電信工程學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202100506

摘要

低雜訊放大器在接收機系統中扮演重要角色。在射頻天文應用中，需要高靈敏度的接收器。對於平方公里陣列，射頻望遠鏡的工作頻率範圍很寬。平方千米陣列計畫中頻覆蓋 0.35 到 25 GHz 的頻率範圍，需要寬帶高增益低雜訊放大器。這個頻帶被分成幾個子頻帶，其中一個子頻帶覆蓋 4.6 到 8.5 GHz 的頻率範圍。此外，隨著第五代行動通訊的發展，毫米波的研究與應用已經成為現在的趨勢。然而，對於頻寬及更高的傳輸速率需求與日俱增，其中，28 及 39 GHz 為第五代行動通訊主要潛在發展頻段。
本篇論文主要分成兩個部分: 第一部分為接收器前端電路之低雜訊放大器相關研究。藉由準確地選擇電路架構，在晶片上使用主動式寬頻巴倫來做系統整合，此低雜訊放大器在 4.6 到 8.5 GHz 系統規格之頻帶內提供足夠增益(28 ± 1 dB)及雜訊指數(1 ± 0.2 dB)。這個低雜訊放大器實現了差動輸入-單端輸出的架構。因此它適用於下一代前端射頻天文接收器系統。
第二部分介紹了採用65nm CMOS製造的Ka頻段寬頻功率放大器，其中設計頻段是未來的5G可行通信頻段（24至43GHz）。單級功率放大器提供26至41 GHz的3-dB頻寬和24至41 GHz的52.3％ 1-dB 飽和功率比例頻寬的大訊號性能，25到37 GHz的38.2％ 1-dB增益壓縮點的比例頻寬和從26 GHz到38 GHz功率附加效率皆超過20％。該功率放大器利用寬頻匹配技術來提供更好的頻寬表現。

關鍵字

平方公里陣列 ； 高速電子遷移率電晶體 ； 低雜訊放大器 ； 第五代行動通訊 ； 互補式金氧半導體 ； 功率放大器

並列摘要

Array (SKA), the radio telescope has a wide operating frequency range. The SKA-mid array covering the frequency range of 0.35 to 25 GHz and requires a broadband high gain LNA. This band is divided into several sub-bands, where one of SKA band covers the frequency range of 4.6 to 8.5 GHz. Besides, with the development of the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G), the demand for bandwidth and higher transmission rates is increasing day by day. Among them, 28 and 38 GHz are the main potential development bands for the fifth-generation mobile communication.
This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first part is the research of low noise amplifier. By accurately selecting the circuit architecture, the fully on-chip broadband active balun is used for advanced system integration. This low noise amplifier provides peak gain (28 ± 1 dB) and noise figure (1 ± 0.2 dB) in the 4.6 to 8.5 GHz. This low noise amplifier achieves the differential input to single-ended output architecture. Hence, it is suitable for next-generation radio astronomical receiver system.
The second part presents a wideband power amplifier, where the design band is the future 5G feasible communication band (24 to 43GHz). The one-stage power amplifier provides 3-dB bandwidth from 26 to 41 GHz and wideband large-signal performance of 52.3% 1-dB Psat fractional bandwidth from 24 to 41 GHz, 38.2% OP1dB fractional bandwidth from 25 to 37 GHz, and a PAE above 20% from 26 to 38 GHz. This power amplifier utilizes a broadband matching technique to provide better bandwidth performance.

並列關鍵字

Square Kilometre Array (SKA) ； pHEMT ； Low Noise Amplifier ； Fifth-Generation Communication ； CMOS ； Power Amplifier

參考文獻

[1] SKA website [Online] https://www.skatelescope.org/

[2] Caiazzo et al., "SKA Phase 1 System Requirements Specification," 2017

[3] 3GPP website [Online] https://www.3gpp.org/

[4] S. Hu, F. Wang, and H. Wang, “A 28-/37-/39-GHz linear Doherty power amplifier in silicon for 5G applications,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1586-1599, Jun. 2019.

[5] H. Kim et al., "A 28-GHz CMOS direct conversion transceiver with packaged 2 × 4 antenna array for 5G cellular system," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1245-1259, May 2018.