無線感應單元於結構物健康診斷與控制之應用

Application of Wireless Sensing Unit on Structural Health Monitoring and Control

盧恭君(Kung-Chun Lu)

指導教授 ： 羅俊雄

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.00132

摘要

隨著無線傳輸技術與嵌入式系統的發展，各領域上都有廣泛的應用。無線感應器結合這兩項技術應用在結構物健康診斷上與結構物控制上。無線感應器應用於結構物上是非常便利且經濟的，相較於傳統有線量測系統複雜的訊號線佈線過程及訊號線受環境地形地物的限制，無線量測系統成功的克服這些困難。這個研究將實地應用無線感應器於結構物健康診斷與結構物控制，並且驗證其可行性與性能的表現。
於結構物健康診斷上，一共有兩個案例，首先是國家地震中心二分之ㄧ縮尺的三層樓鋼結構地震反應量測，搭配驗證兩階段的危害度識別方法(Damage Diagnosis Using Time Series Analysis of Vibration Signals)，該方法是Sohn 與 Farrar 於2001年發表的。
第二個案例是戶外微震量測，量測的對象為位於南投縣集集的集鹿橋，該橋樑於九二一集集大地震中受損嚴重，因此希望藉由結構物於微震下的反應進一步識別該結構物的特性。該實驗所取得的數據將運用兩個方法來識別該結構物特性。首先利用自回歸(AR)方法求得結構物自然頻率與阻尼比，接著利用頻率域分解(Frequency Domain Decomposition) 分析結構物的振態。
於結構物控制上，共採用了兩種控制方式，集中式控制與分散式控制。該實驗的目的為實際將無線感應器應用於結構物控制上，並且依據結構物控制的需求適度的調整修改無線感應器。將無線技術應用於結構物控制上可以避免複雜的訊號回授系統架設，同時也可以藉由各個微控制器採用分散式的運算方式取代傳統集中於一台伺服電腦運算的方式，這樣的方式可以改善整體集中式控制的可靠度。

關鍵字

結構物健康診斷 ； 控制 ； 無線傳輸

並列摘要

Wireless sensors have been proposed for use in structural health monitoring systems because they offer low-installation costs and automated data processing functionality. To validate the performance of the proposed WiMMS (wireless modular monitoring system) on the vibration measurement of large-scale civil structures, a three-story half-scale steel structure is instrumented with a wireless monitoring system assembled from a network of six wireless sensors and tested it on a shaking table to ensure the reliability of the data communication. Field application of WiMMS to ambient vibration survey of Gi-Lu cable-stayed bridge is investigated. Finally, the preliminary study on structural control using MR-damper through WiMMS is also presented.

There are five chapters in this report.
The Chapter1 includes the overview of this research and introduction.
In Chapter2, a detail introduction of wireless sensing unit is discussed.
In Chapter3, it is focus on integrating the wireless sensing unit with traditional sensing system. There are two experiments in this chapter, the health monitoring of benchmark 3F steel structure and the ambient vibration measuring on Gi-Lu Bridge.
Chapter4 includes the applying wireless sensing unit on structure control. In this chapter, a new action board is designed for structure control and new embedded software is designed for centralized control and decentralized control.
Finally, Chapter5 is the conclusion of this research. It includes the results of applying wireless technology of civil engineering and the future work of this research.

並列關鍵字

health monitoring ； structure control ； wireless communication

參考文獻

Analog Devices, Inc. (2003), “OP400 Datasheet - Quad Low Offset, Low Power Operational Amplifier,” MA, USA

C.R. Farrar and G.H. James III, “System identification from ambient vibration measurements in a bridge,” Journal of Sound and Vibration (1997) 205(1).1-18

Hoon Sohn and Carles R Farrar, “Damage diagnosis using time series analysis if vibration signals,” Smart Materials and Structure 10(2001) 446-451

Lynch, J. P., Sundararajan, A., Law, K. H., Kiremidjian, A. S., and Carryer, E., “Embedded damage detection algorithms in a Wireless Sensing Unit for Attainment of Operational Power efficiency,” Smart Materials and Structures, IOP, Vol.13, No.4, 2004, 800-810.

Lynch, J. P., Wang, Y., Lu, K. C., Hou, T. C., and Loh, C. H., “Post-seismic Damage Assessment of Steel Structures Instrumented with Self-interrogating wireless Sensors,” Proceedings of the 8th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, CA, USA, April 18-22, 2006.