應用於無線生醫感測網路之微控制器設計及應用

系統整合晶片在現今社會的應用面很廣，將系統做在一小塊晶片上可以達到面積上的節省。此外在無線感測網路系統的架構下，除了可以應用在長距離的環境變數感測系統，在居家照護方面的及時檢測也是一個很重要的應用議題。在生醫應用方面，即時的生理訊號檢測，當身體發出異狀訊息，藉由身上的感測器傳到中央處理中心裝置，在經由網路或是無線傳輸的方式，把危急的情況立即通報到醫療機構，可以有效降低因急症病危的情況。而在生物環境部分，像是有毒氣體的感測，危險化合物的監測都是屬於無線感測網路的應用範疇。在本篇論文，著重在建立一個無線生醫感測系統，而應用部分則是取決於整合之感測器之感測範圍。我們使用台積電2P4M 0.35um CMOS標準製程去實現我們的整合電路，在第三章會詳細說明電路架構。此整合晶片類比電路部分包含氣體與溫度感測器，ASK 傳送機，OOK 接收機，電流放大器，類比轉數位轉換器，電源供應電路，數位電路部分則是ASIC為控制器, 主要控制整個系統類比電路工作時段。而此晶片應用之無線感測網路的協定是由金明輝博士與本實驗是團隊共同制定。在ASIC微控制器部分，包含平行序列串列埠，時間計數器，有限狀態機，電源控制，為與電腦做資訊傳輸，配合電腦包率於19.2kHz操作。而可程式化的微控制器部分，使用兩個記憶體做為程式與資料記憶體。在指令及的部分參考由Microchip公司所開發的PIC微控制器，共有35個指令，其中程式定址位元寬度為14bi，而資料位元為8bit。一般指令使用之I/O則有13個，兩組非同步平行序列串列埠，分別于傳輸機與接收機使用，一個看門狗硬體，3個計數器，8層堆疊區，以及8種不同的中斷觸發。此電路常用操作頻率為4MHz。

關鍵字

微控制器

並列摘要

The application of SOC is very wild in the modern society; SOC can condense the area of the whole system. And the concept of wireless sensor network can be used in the long-distance observation system, and the home-health care issue. In the bio-medical application, the immediately health reaction from sensors carried in people can transmit the warning to the LCC, and then inform the health institution do the immediately action as some dangerous situation. In other situation, the wireless sensor network can be used in the detection for environment, such as some toxic gas and some dangerous chemical compound. In this these, the design concept is built on wireless sensor network, and the application is based on the sensors we combined into our integrated circuits. In the SOC, we implement this chip by TSMC 2P4M 0.35um standard CMOS process, which we will describe in the Chapter3. This SOC include the analog circuit, including ASK transmitter, OOK receiver, Instrument Amplifier, SAR ADC Converter and Voltage Regulator, and the gas sensor and temperature sensor. And the digital circuit is ASIC microcontroller for the whole system power and state transition control. The wireless sensor network protocol is developed by Dr. Ming-Hui Jin and our lab. The ASIC include the UART, Switch Controller, the Real Time Timer, the FSM and the Power Controller. The operation frequency is usually used in 19.2 kHz for the baud rate to connect the computer. The programmable microcontroller use two SRAMs to be the program memory and the data memory, one is 2k word, the other is 256 words. The instruction set is referred to the PIC microcontroller developed by Microchip. There are total 35 instructions and the program bus is 14-bit width and the data bus is 8-bit width. The general purpose I/O amounts are 13The programmable microcontroller include two UART, one for RX the other for TX, the watch dog, 3 timers, 8-level stack, and the interrupts of 8 source. The operation frequency is usually used in 4MHz.

並列關鍵字

ASIC ； MCU

參考文獻

[1.10]. C.-H. Chen, etc, “A Wireless Bio-MEMS Sensor for C-Reactive Protein Detection Based on Nanomechanics”, ISSCC 2006, February 8, 2006.

[4.5]. C.-H. Chen, etc, “A Wireless Bio-MEMS Sensor for C-Reactive Protein Detection Based on Nanomechanics”, ISSCC 2006, February 8, 2006.

[1.5]. Heinzelman, W. R., Chandrakasan, A., and Balakrishman, H., 2000, “Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks”, Proc. 33rd Annu. Hawaii Int. Conf. on System Sciences, pp. 3005-3014.

[1.8]. Jan M., Rabaey, M. Josie, Ammer, Julio L. da, Silva Jr., Danny Patel, Shad Roundy, "PicoRadio Supports Ad Hoc Ultra-Low Power Wireless Networking", Computer Magazine, July, 2000.

[1.9]. Warneke, B., and et al., Jan., 2001, “Smart Dust: Communicating with a Cubic-Millimeter Computer,” IEEE-Computer, Vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 44-51.

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應用於無線生醫感測網路之微控制器設計及應用

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