飼料中添加不同脂質與玉米蛋白取代魚粉對珍珠龍膽的成長之研究

Study on effect of growth for different dietary lipid and corn protein replacement to pearl grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus)

許政憲(Cheng-Hsien Hsu)

指導教授 ： 廖文亮

國立臺灣大學/生命科學院/漁業科學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.10229

摘要

石斑魚為近年來熱門的養殖魚種，為暖水、廣鹽性珊瑚礁魚類，其成長快以及肉質鮮美，也廣受東南亞消費者喜愛之海產經濟魚類，由於養殖飼料占養殖成本60%以上，本實驗為了探討在不同脂質與玉米蛋白取代魚粉對珍珠龍膽的成長之影響，以減少魚粉的使用，以及添加牛油調整n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸的含量，探討珍珠石斑適合的n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸的需求。實驗中設計六組飼料餵食魚體為4.83±0.54克珍珠龍膽幼魚，以箱網 (80X65X65 cm)飼養在室內水泥池中，每組20尾雙重複，共六組飼料，前三組 (Diet 1-Diet 3)以65%魚粉為蛋白質來源，後三組 (Diet 4-Diet 6)以蛋白質來源魚粉55%且玉米蛋白10%作為取代。各組以部分牛油取代魚油，取代量為2.5%以及5%，粗脂質含量在9.81%-11.90%之間。餵食42天結果以65%魚粉加上5%魚油的Diet1組別增重率557%最高且有較佳的成長效果以及飼料換肉率0.92最佳，Diet 1-Diet 3各組活存率和成長率無顯著差異，也顯示珍珠龍膽飼料中替代性成分來源可以使用部分牛油作為油脂取代，而魚粉以玉米蛋白10%取代的Diet 4-Diet 6組別中，其增重率和飼料換肉率都較前三組來的低，可能是飼料中含過高的玉米蛋白 (10%)，造成海水肉食性魚類珍珠龍膽石斑為對玉米蛋白的利用率不佳。

關鍵字

珍珠龍膽 ； 牛油 ； 玉米蛋白 ； n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸

並列摘要

Grouper is one of warm water coral reef fishes and can survive in a broad range of salinity. It was the popular cultured fish and grows rapidly and has delicious meat. It was also the economic fish well received by consumers of Southeast Asia.
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of vegetative ingredients, lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty levels replacing fish meal on growth performance of pearl grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus). In order to decrease the proportion of fish meal in aquaculture adds tallow to adjust the proportion of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty in the feed to conduct the suitable n-3 highly unsaturated fatty on the pearl grouper.
In Experiment, six groups of fingerlings fed for 42 days to double replicates of groups of grouper (average initial weight: 4.83±0.54 g ) in the seawater net cage (80X65X65 cm) ( 20 fishes/replicate). In Diet 1-Diet 3 with protein level of 65% fish meal, and in Diet 2 and Diet 3 were add separately 2.5% and 5% of tallow into the feed. In Diet 4-Diet 6 with protein level of 55% fish meal and replace 10% corn protein, and in Diet 5 and Diet 6 lipid level were the same by Diet 2 and Diet 3.
After 42 days feeding, the best weight gain and feed conversion rate were 557% and 0.92 in Diet 1 (65% fish meal and 5% tallow). There were no significant different on survival rate and growth rate in Diet 1-Diet 3. It indicated that tallow can replace fish meal in the feed. The weight gain and feed conversion rate were worse in Diet 4-Diet 6, and indicated the replacement proportion of corn protein were too high. Pearl grouper was a kind of carnivorous fishes that digested on the corn protein not so good with fish meal.

並列關鍵字

pearl grouper ； beef tallow ； corn protein ； n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA)

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