恆春地區生產貯藏性洋蔥可行性分析

洋蔥是恆春的代表農作物，曾經創造了出口的榮景，但是卻因為休耕的政策，農民坐領休耕補貼，不再用水稻輪作，導致連作障礙無法克服，除了每年跟土壤病害對抗，這幾年的冬季高溫，更是提高了生產的困難。恆春地區擁有天候的優勢，生產季節沒有雨水的威脅，採收前還有落山風吹拂，提高品質以及增加貯藏的能力，這些上天給的恩賜，我們都無法珍惜，不只無法滿足國內消費，還讓進口洋蔥快要取代過內生產的洋蔥了。蔬菜最難得的特性就是耐貯藏，因為可以透過貯藏做產期調節，而恆春洋蔥相對於臺灣其他生產區，生產的洋蔥最適合貯藏，本研究透過文獻收集，提供技術面可行性分析，包括品種建議、生產技術以及貯藏方法，再透過成本效益分析（Cost Benefit Analysis，CBA），提供經濟面可行性分析，最後利用市場深度訪談，針對所假設的情境跟產業的專家學者探討，讓假設的情境變成可行的策略。本研究結論發現，貯藏之後可以創造的價值，遠大於農民一味追求的產量，依照本研究的情境，建置冷藏庫，農民利用冷藏庫貯藏之後再銷售，改變生產後馬上銷售的觀念，創造更高的年收入，首先努力進口替代，才可能有下一步努力生產出口用洋蔥，再創洋蔥產業的榮景，讓恆春洋蔥變成可以永續經營的產業。

關鍵字

恆春洋蔥；貯藏；成本效益分析

並列摘要

Onion is the representative crop of Hengchun. It used to create a glorious export. However, due to the rice fallow policy, farmers are receiving fallow subsidies and no longer use rice rotation for onion production. As a result, continuous cropping obstacles cannot be overcome. In addition to fighting soil diseases every year, farmers encounter the climate change problem that the high temperature in winter has increased the difficulty of production. The Hengchun area has the advantage of weather, there is no threat of rain in the production season, and there is still a falling wind before harvesting, improving quality and increasing storage capacity. We cannot cherish these gifts from heaven. Not only can we not satisfy domestic consumption, but also Imported onions are about to replace domestic onions. The rarest feature of vegetables is storage durability, because the production period can be adjusted through storage. Compared with other production areas in Taiwan, Hengchun onions can produce storage-stable onions. This study provides technical feasibility analysis through literature review. Including variety recommendations, production technology and storage methods, and then through cost-benefit analysis, this study provides economic feasibility analysis, and finally using in-depth market interviews to discuss the hypothetical situation with industry experts and scholars to make the hypothetical situation a feasible strategy. The conclusions of this study demonstrated that the value that can be created after storage is far greater than the output that farmers blindly pursue fresh onions for sale immediately. According to the scenario design of this study, a cold storage is built. Farmers use the cold storage to store and then sell, change the concept of selling immediately after production, and create more annual income. This study clearly shows that we must first try to replace imports before we can make the next step to produce onions for export, and create a prosperous and profitable onion industry, making Hengchun onions a sustainable industry.