戰時體制下西川滿的文學表現－以《臺灣縱貫鐵道》為中心

Analysis Literature Appearance of Nishkawa Mitsuru during Greater East Asia War--center around 《Taiwan Jyukan Tetsudou (Taiwan North-south Railway)》

蔡宛錚(Wan-Cheng Tsai)

指導教授 ： 范淑文

國立臺灣大學/文學院/日本語文學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.00601

摘要

西川滿在戰時體制之下宣告要以新型態的美來表現國策文學。本論探討西川滿在戰爭時期當中文學風格的轉變，並以他在台灣最後的作品－－長篇歷史小說「台灣縱貫鐵道」為驗收的文本，試圖了解在政局影響之際，其因應戰時體制而生的新文學理念，在文學表現手法上產生的變與不變。
藉著分析「台灣縱貫鐵道」文本，可以看出曾經主張藝術與倫理應該分開探討的西川滿，因為時局所迫不得不將之揉合，只好用「新」型態的美與脫離「藝術至上主義」來自圓其說。然而西川滿本身對於審美的執著，使得作品特色強烈，未見太大的改變。改變的只有從小愛到大愛的昇華，與描寫格局的放大。但這些不同仍舊不脫西川文學的風格。只是謳歌感嘆的對象不同而已。而所謂的新型態的美只是加入了合於戰時需求的價值觀與倫理道德思想。這兩點的確是西川從前的作品中未見的元素，可以說是他最大的改變之一。即便如此，從故事中刻板的表現可以看出作者純粹為了呼應國策體系而加，自己仍舊保持一貫的旁觀態度，並未涉入其中。

關鍵字

西川滿 ； 異國情調 ； 皇民文學 ； 外地文學主義 ； 糞寫實主義 ； 台灣縱貫鐵道

並列摘要

In order to accord with national policy during East Asia War, Nishikawa Mitsuru found a new way, which he called as “New Art” to write his novels. I will mainly analysis his historical novel “Taiwan Jyukan Tetsudou (Taiwan North-south Railway)”, which is also his last one written in Taiwan. And focus on his writing performance during this time. The main point of this thesis is to see how Nishikawa performed the “New Art” during this time, and whether his new challenge succeeded or not.
According to the research result, Nishikawa Mitsuru once thought that art, logic and moral as individual values. However, during East Asia War, he was forced to combine art with moral into his novel. Therefore he had to think of a new saying which is known as “New Art” to show his new writing direction. Nevertheless, his old concept of art strongly influenced his writing style. Compare to his old novels, there is not much difference with his latest one. Before he tended to write about personal love, in “Taiwan Jyukan Tetsudou”, he changed it into the love of nation. So called “New Art” which is written in the novel, is actually refers to patriotism. This is the most different part from his old works. However, as seen from the representation of the story, the patriotism is obviously not his real thinking but only for following the national policy. Nishikawa’s attitude has always been a observer only, as in the past.

並列關鍵字

Nishikawa Mitsuru ； Exoticism ； Kou-Min Literature ； Colonia Literature ； Kuso Realism ； Taiwan Jyukan Tetsudou

參考文獻

・ 藤井省三「臺灣異國情調文學的敗戰預感──論西川滿「赤嵌記」」『中國文哲研究通訊』第7巻・第4期、　張季琳訳、中央研究院中國文哲研究所 1997年12月

・李文卿「穿越皇民化運動時期的動員表象<決戰台灣小說集>編輯結構析探」《台灣文學學報》第3期、 2002年12月

・朱惠足「帝國主義、國族主義、『現代』的移植與翻譯：西川滿《台灣縱貫鐵道》與朱點人〈秋信〉」『中外文學』第33卷 第11期 2005年4月

・林巾力「西川滿『糞現實主義』論述中的西方、日本與台灣」『中外文學』第34卷第7期 2005年12月

・柳書琴「誰的文學? 誰的歷史?──日據末期臺灣文壇主體與歷史詮釋之爭」『帝國裡的「地方文化」──皇民化時期臺灣文化狀況』、播種者出版、2008年12月