新型軟切換無橋式功因校正電路

Novel Soft-Switching Bridgeless Power Factor Correction Circuits

蔡憲逸(Hsien-Yi Tsai)

指導教授 ： 陳德玉

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學研究所/博士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.00735

摘要

本論文之主要目的在於應用軟性切換技術於無橋式功因校正電路(Bridgeless power factor correction circuit)之研究以增進電力效率，針對單相與三相之應用，提出新型具軟性切換特性之無橋式功因校正電路。為了瞭解無橋式功因校正電路，首先探究一些既有之各式無橋式功因校正電路，瞭解各種組態之優缺點。接著，提出具軟性切換之無橋式功因校正電路，詳述其動作原理，及其功因調控。仔細分析此電路於各操作模式下之電路操作及推導其主導方程式後，從事其電路組成元件之設計，使其兩個主開關皆可達到零電壓切換(Zero voltage switch, ZVS)之特性以增進電力效率。模擬及實測結果顯示所得之軟性切換電路之軟性切換操作特性與預期者相符，且在各工作情況下，輸入電流均被調控成近乎弦波且與輸入電壓近乎同相，具有良好之功因及電流諧波特性。
再者，為改善所提電路之輔助開關切換特性，再提出除兩個主開關皆可達到零電壓切換外，其輔助開關也可達零電流切換(Zero current switch, ZCS)之無橋式功因校正電路，以便更提高效率，並詳述此電路之動作原理及其電路組成元件之設計。模擬及實測結果顯示所得之軟性切換操作特性與預期者相符。文中並提出與主開關零電壓切換、輔助開關達零電流切換之無橋式功因校正電路具相同電氣特性之族群，詳述其電路架構並比較其差異。
應用相同之概念於三相切換式整流器之研製上，本論文也提出具軟性切換之三相切換式整流電路，詳述此電路之動作原理。仔細分析此電路於整流器模式下之電路操作及推導其主導方程式後，使其主開關皆可達到零電壓切換之特性。並模擬驗證所設計電路之有效性後，即從事實作，並以一些實測結果顯示所設計電路之性能。

關鍵字

無橋式 ； 軟性切換技術 ； 零電壓切換 ； 功因校正

並列摘要

Power factor correction (PFC) has become almost a must for off-line power applications nowadays. Despite intensive research in the past decade, this is still a hot-research topic among power electronic field because of the “green” push for the future electric power applications. About ten years ago, there was a PFC power-stage configuration named” Bridgeless” reported. In this configuration, the diode bridge conventionally used PFC applications can be removed and therefore resulting in lower conduction power loss for the applications. The main focus of this dissertation is about soft-switching “Bridgeless” PFC (BPFC) circuits which feature improved efficiency.
In the dissertation, three classes of soft-switching BPFC circuits are proposed. The first class is a zero-voltage transition BPFC in which an assistant circuit is used to achieve soft switching in the main power switches. However, the assistant switch is still turned off by hard switching. The second class is a zero-voltage zero-current BPFC circuit in which soft switching is achieved not only for the main switches but also for the assistant switch. And the third class is an extension of the first class to a three-phase PFC circuit. Different circuit variations are also proposed to the above three classes.
Computer simulations and experimental results are presented in the dissertation. Design guidance is also included. Improvements of efficiencies, compared to conventional hard-switching circuits are in the range of one to two percentage points which is a significant improvement.

並列關鍵字

bridgeless ； ZVS ； soft switching ； converter ； power factor correction

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