供應鏈全球運籌之建構與分析

1980年代以來，全球運籌與供應鏈管理(Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management)逐漸成為企業面對全球化高速競爭所必須考量的重要管理議題，而企業的發展，也勢必建構在以資訊科技應用的輔助下，才能確保在今日的微利時代，發揮持續獲利的競爭優勢。以往台灣企業在全球競爭的結構中於生產製造上佔有重要的地位，然而在先天資源限制與種種政經環境的客觀因素之下，使得企業逐漸外移以尋覓進一步發展；就以台灣晶圓廠積極為西進佈局，以及各電子企業紛紛在彼岸建廠為例，足見台灣以往以生產製造為核心能力的優勢已有改變，而全球運籌的供應鏈管理將是台灣企業在本世紀邁向國際舞台的必備能力。全球運籌管理的模式，不僅僅是針對原料供應商至產品製造廠之間的供應鏈管理，同時也涵誘F製造商與購買顧客之間的交易流程，其範疇涉及物流、商流、金流，以及資訊流，影響之大，撼動了整個經濟體系運作的相關成員，也因此有人將其擴大稱為價值鏈管理(Value Chain Management)，或稱為延伸性供應鏈管理(Extended Supply Chain Management)。本論文的研究重點，主要探討供應鏈之形成背景以及我國產業在全球運籌管理發展上之角色，並就其佈局全球運籌系統所應具備技術能力以及全方位思維，來探究台灣企業應如何能在全球運籌的洪流下，才能夠進一步地邁向國際化。

關鍵字

供應鏈訊息監督者；全球運籌供應鏈管理

並列摘要

Since 1980s, Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management as a subject has increasingly become a key management topic facing the globally competition realities of today, moreover, development of enterprises will have to be based on application of information technology if only there is a need to continue keeping ahead of industries by competition in the tight marketplace. Gone are the day when Taiwanese enterprises enjoyed a competitive margin in the production phase of global competition, restraints due to want of natural resources compounded with economic-political environments had, however, compelled local enterprises to go looking for chances for development elsewhere. The time has come for Taiwan to be equipped with the capability termed Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management, while she marches boldly on stage international communities as the 21st century just begins to take shape. Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management covers not only the Supply Chain Management respecting Suppliers vis-à-vis the manufacturers, but also the course of transaction way between the manufacturers and the customers, factors to be considered as they come into play include material flow, trade flow, cash flow, and information flow, to such magnitudes that every party having a part or art in the operation of the entire economic system is involves and put to a shock at the same time, for that reason some people have named it to Value Chain Management, VCM for short, or Extended Supply Chain Management, ESCM for short. The keypoint of this thesis lies in researching the background under which the Supply Chain takes shape and Taiwan’s role as seen in the context of the Global Logistics and Supply Chain, through local industrial communities, in the meantime efforts are also input to finding way to move for internationalization amid the torrential downpour of Global Logistics, considering the technical know-how and omin-directional philosophy necessary to global deployment of the Logistics Regimentation in the best interest of Taiwanese entrepreneurs.