家族企業新任總經理教育背景與公司績效關係探討

本研究以台灣上市上櫃公司1996年至2016年家族企業總經理異動的企業為研究對象，探討家族企業新任家族成員總經理教育背景是否能夠提升公司績效。經過資料篩檢後，本研究採計了122間台灣上市上櫃公司共159筆樣本，以新任總經理教育背景為主要變數，且控制了其他可能的變數影響，對公司績效變動進行了複迴歸分析。並利用配對方式，以未有總經理變動的非家族企業作為對照組。探討家族企業新任總經理教育背景是否能夠影響家族企業與非家族企業績效差距。研究結果證實，家族企業新任總經理如具備專業領域教育背景可顯著增加公司績效，而當家族企業新任總經理具有商管研究所學歷時則不顯著。此外研究中發現家族企業新任CEO上任後企業績效變動量顯著低於非家族企業。但當家族企業新任總經理具有專業領域教育背景時，能夠顯著影響兩者差距。而家族企業新任總經理如具有商管研究所學歷時，則並不顯著。因此本研究建議家族企業如要讓家族成員擔任總經理時，應讓家族成員接受專業領域教育，才能夠更加了解公司發展以及市場動向。

關鍵字

家族企業；總經理；公司績效；商管研究所教育背景；專業領域教育背景

並列摘要

This paper explores whether the educational background of a family business’s new family member CEO will affect the performance of the business. This study is based on 122 listed or OTC companies which in total includes 159 observations of family business’s CEO changes. This research applies multiple regression to businesses’ performance with the educational background of new CEO as the key test variable and other effective independent variables controlled. Moreover, by comparing with non-family businesses with no CEO changes, this research explores whether the educational background of new family member CEO could influence the performance difference between family and non-family business. The research results show that among family businesses, for those with new CEOs having educational backgrounds (professional), the performance improvements are significantly larger. However, whether the new CEOs have MBA degree does not significantly affect the performance improvements. The performance improvements of CEO changes were proved to be larger among non-family businesses than family businesses. Fortunately, according to the research results, if the new family member CEO has educational background (professional), the differences of performance improvement will be narrowed. Nevertheless, whether the new CEOs have MBA degree still does not significantly affect the improvement differences.According to the research results, if a family business wants its family member to serve as CEO, it should have this member be educated in the professional field of the business.