蝴蝶蘭種苗經蘭菌、藥劑或貯運時以發光二極體處理後之生育反應

Growth and Developmental Responses of Phalaenopsis spp. Seedlings as Influenced by Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi, Chemicals and LED treatments for Transport

呂佩陸(Pei-Lu Lu)

指導教授 ： 張喜寧

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00540

摘要

本研究旨在探討蝴蝶蘭裸根或帶盆貯運前以蘭菌接種、前後藥劑處理或LED的有無對蝴蝶蘭在貯運2天至4週後的生長及開花之影響，以供業者參考。
裸根貯運：在蝴蝶蘭種苗生育期中每二週施用根毛王（0.5 mg/L）於大白花蝴蝶蘭雜交種(Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ×P. Taisuco koaladian )及紅花朵麗蝶蘭雜交種（Doritaenopsis Plum Rose × Fushnin Wine）共四次，模擬裸根貯運試驗（15 ℃, 2天）後三個月葉綠素讀值最高。貯運前施用快樂頌(1000 X)之大白花朵麗蝶蘭雜交種（Dtps. Taida Hakast ×P. Hakalau Queen ’Hawaii’）處理組，經模擬裸根貯運試驗三個月後，葉長較其他處理組大。進行貯運時，於箱內放置LED有助於大白花朵麗蝶蘭雜交種與紅花火鳥雜交種（Dtps. Taida Firebird ×P. Hakala‘Firebird’）經貯運後提高植株恢復力。在貯運前施用品全王或快樂頌，可提高抽梗率與減少花苞萎凋率，且在貯運過程中有LED效果更為顯著。
帶盆貯運（20 ℃, 1至4週）：接種R02與R19蘭菌可促進帶盆貯運後葉長生長，而接種R15與R19蘭菌葉幅生長。隨著帶盆貯運時間的增長，會延遲葉長、葉寬、葉幅生長，且會增加落葉；而有架設LED之植株較無架設LED之植株生長較佳，且葉綠素讀值亦較高。接種R15蘭菌有助於提高大白花朵麗蝶蘭雜交種或紅花火鳥雜交種之花朵數，而接種R02 、R15或R19蘭菌配合LED可提高抽梗率及減少花苞萎凋數。
貯運前施用BA或快樂頌之大白花朵麗蝶蘭雜交種，貯運2週且有LED之抽梗率達到100 %，而未施用藥劑之對照組的抽梗率僅有83.3 %，抽梗率隨著貯運時間增加而降低。
總之，不論蝴蝶蘭以裸根或帶盆貯運方式，可於蝴蝶蘭出瓶時或中大苗時期接種R02 、R15或R19蘭菌，或貯運前施用快樂頌，並可於貯運過程中架設LED，均有助於蝴蝶蘭貯運後生育及開花品質。
另進行蝴蝶蘭大白花‘V3’(Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian‘V3’)與蝴蝶蘭紅花‘V31’(Phalaenopsis Tai Lin Redangel‘V31’)進行裸根及帶盆貯運，結果顯示貯運後葉綠素含量下降、下位葉黃化與葉片脫落等隨著貯運天數增加而顯著增加。但在貯運前施用快樂頌或接種蘭菌R02之V3處理組，經貯運後下位葉黃化不顯著，然而接種蘭菌R02之V31經貯運後，帶盆4週下之下位葉黃化反而較為嚴重，推測不同品種之蝴蝶蘭對蘭菌之反應不盡相同。

關鍵字

蝴蝶蘭 ； 裸根 ； 帶盆 ； 貯運 ； 蘭菌 ； 快樂頌 ； LED

並列摘要

The order to improve the effects of the inoculation of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), plant growth substances (PGS) and LED on the growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis spp. for bare-rooted and potted transportations for 2 days to 4 weeks.
Bare-rooted transportations (15 ℃, 2 days): Results showed that application with Lysine#3 0.5 mg/L at the seedling stage of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ×P. Taisuco koaladian and Doritaenopsis Plum Rose × Fushnin Wine increased the SPAD value most effectively 3 months after bare-root transportation.Dtps. Taida Hakast ×P. Hakalau Queen ’Hawaii’ applied with Happy-Gro 1000 X before bare-root simulated transportation had longer leaf length than all the other treatments 3 months after transportation. During bare-root simulated transportation, LED enhanced plant recovery of Dtps. Plum Rose × Fushnin Wine and Dtps. Taida Firebird ×P. Hakala‘Firebird’. Also application with Lysine#24 or Happy-Gro increased spiking rate and decreased abortion rate of the above two species. This result is more remarkable with the presence of LED during transportation.
Potted transportations (20 ℃, 1 to 4 weeks): Inoculation with R02 and R19 increased leaf length after potted-transportation while inoculation with R15 and R19 clearly increased leaf span of Phal. spp.. As the transportation period extended, delayed the growth of leaf length, leaf width and leaf span and high rate of leaf drop. Plants with LED during simulated transportation grew better and had higher CMR than those transported without adding LED. Inoculation of R15 increased flowering number of Dtps. Taida Hakast ×P. Hakalau Queen ’Hawaii’ or Dtps. Taida Firebird ×P. Hakala‘Firebird’. Inoculated with R02, R15 and R19 together with LED during simulated transportation increased the spiking rate of orchid, and decreased the abortion of flowering buds.
Applying BA or Happy-Gro 2 weeks before simulated transportation, also with LED resulted in the spiking rate of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ×P. Taisuco koaladian to 100 %, while control plants had only 83.3 % of spiking rate. But, the spiking rate would decrease when the the transportation period pronged.
In summary, orchid plants inoculated with R02, R15 or R19, aqlis transplamting for exvitro growth, and applied with Happy-Gro before transport, also put a LED on the top of box during simulated transportation would help Phalaenopsis spp. to recover for growth and for better flowering quality after transportation, regardless of bare-rooted or potted transportation.
During the transportation of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian‘V3’ and Phalaenopsis Tai Lin Redangel‘V31’, result showed that the decrease of chlorophyll content, the yellowing of basal leaf and leaf drop became worse as the transportation days prolonged. Applying Happy-Gro before transportation, could decease the yellowing of basal leaf for both cultivars V3 and V31. V3 inoculated with R02 showed no obvious symptom of yellowing on basal leaf, no matter the transportation days. While V31 inoculated with R02 after 4 weeks of transportation showed severe yellowing of basal leaf. This result indicated that different Phalaenopsis cultivars showed up different responses toward the inoculation of OMF.

並列關鍵字

Phalaenopsis spp. ； bare-rooted ； potted ； transportation ； orchids mycorrhiza fungi (OMF) ； Happy-Gro ； LED

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