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  • 學位論文

線上數位著作授權地域限制之研究-以電子書為中心

Territorial Restrictions of Digital Copyright Licensing - In Terms of eBook

指導教授 : 謝銘洋
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摘要


美國電子書市場沿襲實體書市場中的授權策略,試圖透過技術措施來將實體書市場中的授權地域限制落實於網路世界中。而目前的科技的確也足以提供著作權人許多方式來對消費者的所在區域進行辨識與定位。本文以市場區隔理論來檢驗此種措施的妥適性,以及討論其是否有可能達成授權地域限制在法律上與經濟上之目的。並且以差別取價理論來驗證此等措施落實之有效性,特別是從規範上檢驗著作權法是否能協助落實此等措施。本文認為,受到網路鋪設普及度之影響,即便要在網路世界落實地域限制,也不應直接將實體書世界的授權規則套用在網路世界中。此外,不論是從平行輸入禁止、科技保護措施、授權契約等面向,皆可發現網路世界的地域限制措施難以受到法律的保護。總結來說,對終端消費者進行任何的地域限制並不可行,著作權人應該考慮對數量較少的直接被授權人進行地域限制,例如僅對交易平台或是出版社進行限制,或是乾脆將全球視為單一之市場。對華文電子書市場來說,著作權人可以考慮以其他授權條件來區隔市場,例如以文字差異作為授權條件已進行市場區隔。如此,方可兼顧電子書著作權人極大化經濟利益、避免中間商(包含交易平台)跨區域競爭以及保障終端消費者合法近用電子書之權利等利益。

並列摘要


Nowadays, the copyright owners of American eBook market maintain the licensing practice of book market, implementing territorial restriction on ebook licensing. Although there are many technical means helping enforce territorial restriction in the cyber world, this paper wonders the enforceability of such means and whether they can reach the economic and legal purposes of territorial restriction or not. This paper applies the market segmentation theory to examine the appropriateness of applying the same territorial market segmentation in real world to cyber world. Price discrimination theory is also used to explore the enforceability of such practice, especially in terms of copyright law. This paper argues that even it is necessary to implement the same rule on Internet, we should also take the uneven geographical development of the Internet into account, rather than replicate the same territorial market arrangement. In addition, no matter in terms of parallel importation, technological protection measures, or licensing agreement, we can find them useless in protecting the territorial restrictions from being violated. In conclusion, it isn't enforceable to apply territorial restrictions over the ebook end users. Copyright owners should consider applying this rule only over the direct licensees, whose number is smaller, such as publishers or ebook platforms, or managing the global market as a whole. As for Chinese ebook market, copyright owners may consider applying other licensing restrictions to segment the market. For example, the traditional and simplified characters may be used as the licensing restriction. That way, the need to maximize the loyalty income of copyright owners, to avoid cross-territorial competition among licensees or agencies, including platforms, and to protect the end users' right to legally access ebooks might all be satisfied.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


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